Rodolphe Bresdin

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The Good Samaritan (ca.1861)

Rodolphe Bresdin (born August 12, 1822 in Montrelais ; † January 14, 1885 in Sèvres ; artist name also Chien-Caillou ) was a French graphic artist who became known for his detailed depictions of nature, often used as the background for biblical-religious motifs. He is considered a pioneer of fantastic, visionary forms of representation in Romanticism and is therefore sometimes also referred to as a protosurrealist .

Life

From the age of 17, Bresdin worked as an etcher in Paris on copies of older engravings , especially by Albrecht Dürer and Rembrandt van Rijn, and thus learned the technical requirements for his etchings and pen lithographs . After the revolution of 1848/49 he left Paris, went to Tulle and from 1853 lived in a cave near Toulouse . In 1861 Charles Baudelaire introduced him to Théophile Gautier in Paris , and he was commissioned to illustrate the ephemeral “Revue fantaisiste”. He later became an employee of this review. In 1863 he met Odilon Redon , who was about 15 years his junior and who considered him to be his predecessor, in Bordeaux and was his friendly mentor from at least 1864 to 1866 . In 1871, Bresdin won a tender to design Canadian banknotes, after which he moved to Canada . In 1876 he returned to France with his wife and six children, impoverished, with the help of Victor Hugo , where he was not recognized during his lifetime.

In 1964, his works were shown at the documenta III in Kassel in the famous hand drawings department .

literature

  • Luigi Carluccio: The Sacred and Profane in Symbolist Art . Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, November 1 to November 26, 1969.
  • Heinrich Lützeler (Vorw.): Hundred graphic sheets of the XIX and XX centuries . Foundation of the Association of Friends and Supporters of the Brühl City High School, Kleve 1966.
  • Joachim, Harold: Rodolphe Bresdin, in: Odilon Redon, Gustave Moreau, Rodolphe Bresdin, exhibition catalog of the Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1961 and the Art Institute of Chicago, 1962
  • Peters, Hans Albert: The black sun of the dream - etchings, lithographs and drawings by Rodolphe Bresdin (1822-1885), catalog for the exhibitions of the same name in the Wallraf-Richartz-Museum, Cologne 1972 and in the Städelsche Kunstinstitut, Frankfurt am Main, 1973
  • Gelder, Dirk van: Rodolphe Bresdin et Odilon Redon. Reflexions sur le rapports d'amitié entre maitre et l´leve . Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarbook Vol. 17, 1966.
  • Gelder, Dirk van: Rodolphe Bresdin. Monograph en trois parties et catalog raisonné de l'œuvre gravé, 2 vols., The Hague, Paris, 1976
  • Gelder, Dirk van: Bresdin. Dessins et Gravures, Paris, 1976
  • Montesquiou-Fezensac, Robert de; Hahlbrock, Peter (Ed.): Rodolphe Bresdin the Inextricable (contains discussions about Rodolphe Bresdin alias Chien-Caillou and Robert de Montesquiou alias Des Esseintes), Berlin, 1977
  • Fossier, François; Gelder, Dirk van: Rodolphe Bresdin (1822 - 1885), un graveur solitaire, catalog for the exhibition of the same name at the Musée d'Orsay, Paris, 1990
  • Préaud, Maxime; Turlais, Pierrette: Rodolphe Bresdin, 1822-1885. Robinson graveur, catalog for the exhibition of the same name in the Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris, 2000; (in abbreviated form of a permanent virtual exhibition to be seen at: http://expositions.bnf.fr (le site des expositions virtuelles de la BNF / Galerie des arts et de l'architecture / Rodolphe Bresdin))
  • Gelder, Dirk van (ed.), Sciama, Cyrille: Rodolphe Bresdin, fantastique et onirique, exhibition catalog of the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nantes, Montreuil 2007
  • Langenberg, Martin: In the thicket of despair. Notes on Rodolphe Bresdin's Le Bon Samaritain , in: Novaesium 2009 - Neuss Yearbook for Art, Culture and History, Neuss 2009, pp. 185–198
  • Dance, Trevor. Rodolphe Bresdin: An Incorrigible Bohemian. English Language monograph . Unicorn Press. October 2016. ISBN 978-1-910787-07-6

Web links

Commons : Rodolphe Bresdin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Bresdin, Rodolphe
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Chien-Caillou
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French graphic artist
DATE OF BIRTH August 12, 1822
PLACE OF BIRTH Montrelais
DATE OF DEATH January 14, 1885
Place of death Sèvres