Rose throat sylph
| Rose throat sylph | ||||||||||
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Rosenkehlsylphe ♂, engraving after John Gould |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||
| Polyonymus | ||||||||||
| Heine , 1863 | ||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||
| Polyonymus caroli | ||||||||||
| ( Bourcier , 1847) |
The rose-throated sylph ( Polyonymus caroli ) or broad-tailed sylph is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The range of this endemic species is limited to Peru . The IUCN classifies the stock as not at risk ( least concern ).
features
The male rose throat sylph reaches a body length of about 12.5 to 13 cm, while the female is only about 11 cm tall. The slightly curved beak makes up 20 mm. Both sexes are dark bronze green. The male has a pinkish-purple colored throat. The strongly forked 6 cm long tail with rounded ends is steel blue with white side borders. The female has a glossy orange throat with a slightly gray belly. The slightly shorter and less forked tail is bronze-green on the central control feathers.
Young birds are paler and speckled on the underside with golden scales that merge into greenish at the throat. The throat of the male juveniles is speckled with pink. The tail is only slightly forked and significantly shorter.
behavior
Rosenkehlsylphen are relatively submissive to other hummingbirds of the genera of the violet- eared hummingbirds ( Colibri ) and the mountain nymphs ( Oreotrochilus ). They are very shy and can therefore be found inconspicuously in lower, dense undergrowth. They collect nectar from the flowers of the mistletoe genus Phygilanthus, among other things .
distribution and habitat
Rose throat sylphs live on semi-arid, bushy slopes of the Andes with dense undergrowth, thorny undergrowth, cacti or agaves as well as smaller mountain forests. Rare, but widespread, they are found on the slopes of the western Andes of Peru. In the mountain valleys between Río Marañón and Río Mantaro they can be found at altitudes between 2100 and 3400 meters. In other Andean valleys from Cajamarca to the west of Arequipa they even occur at altitudes between 1500 and 3600 meters.
Reproduction
For reproduction it is only known that the breeding season is in November and December.
Vocalizations
Her call consists of an unadorned, quick chatter that sounds like tcht or tchtcht .
Subspecies
At the moment, no subspecies of the rose throat sylph are known. It is considered monotypical .
Etymology and history of research
Jules Bourcier described the species under the name Trochilus Caroli . The specific epithet Caroli is the genitive of Carolus , the Latin form for Charles . Since Bourcier does not mention in the first description to whom he dedicated the species, one has to guess. It could be Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte , who in turn dedicated two taxa to Bourcier. The French common name Troch. de Charles , who Bourcier used, supports this thesis.
In 1863 Ferdinand Heine junior placed the species in the new genus Polyonymus . The species is considered to be monotypical . Because it had previously been assigned to the genera Trochilus , Hylocharis , Calliphox , Avocettinus and Cometes , he decided on the name "Polyonymus" for "many names" ( Greek πολυώνυμος ).
literature
- Jon Fjeldså , Niels Krabbe : Birds of the High Andes: A Manual to the Birds of the Temperate Zone of the Andes and Patagonia, South America . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 1990, ISBN 87-88757-16-1 .
- Thomas Scott Schulenberg, Douglas Forrester Stotz, Daniel F. Lane, John Patton O'Neill, Theodore Albert Parker III : Birds of Peru . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2007, ISBN 978-0-7136-8673-9 .
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- Jules Bourcier: Description de deux espèces nouvelles de Trochilidées . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 15 , no. 171 , 1847, pp. 48 ( online [accessed April 1, 2012]).
- Ferdinand Heine junior: Trochilidica . In: Journal of Ornithology . tape 11 , no. 63 , 1863, pp. 173-216 ( online [accessed April 1, 2012]).
Web links
- Polyonymus caroli inthe IUCN 2011 Red List of Threatened Species . Listed by: BirdLife International, 2009. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Bronze-tailed Comet ( Polyonymus caroli ) . Retrieved April 1, 2012.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Bronze-tailed Comet (Polyonymus caroli) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Rose throat sylph ( Polyonymus caroli ) from Avibase; Retrieved June 7, 2014.
- Polyonymus caroli in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved June 7, 2014.
- xeno-canto: Sound recordings - Bronze-tailed Comet ( Polyonymus caroli )