Harrisia

Harrisia
Harrisia 'Jusbertii'
Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales) Family : Cactus family (Cactaceae) Subfamily : Cactoideae Tribe : Trichocereeae Genre : Harrisia
Scientific name
Harrisia
Britton

Illustration of harrisia species with flower and fruit.

Harrisia is a genus from the cactus family(Cactaceae). The genus is named after the plant collector William Harris . He was superintendent of the Public Gardens and Plantations of Jamaica.

description

They are tree-shaped, sometimes climbing or shrub-like growing cacti with cylindrical shoots. They reach heights of up to 7 m. The shoots are ribbed (four to twelve ribs) and do not form aerial roots . The flowers open at night, are white and up to 12 cm in diameter. After successful pollination, rounded fruits are formed which are red to orange in color. The fruits have scales with areoles in the armpits. The black seeds are 2 to 3 × 1.5 mm in size.

Systematics

The distribution area of the genus is in the southern USA , the entire Caribbean and south to Brazil , Paraguay , Bolivia and Argentina . It is the genus with the largest distribution area within the Trichocereeae tribe.

In the original description of the genus by Britton, 17 species were listed. These are no longer all accepted. The genus is divided into two sub-genera based on characteristics of fruit formation and ripeness. The type species of the genus is Cereus gracilis Mill .

The genus Harrisia includes the following species:

• Subgenus Harrisia - the fruits are non-tearing
  • Harrisia aboriginum Small
  • Harrisia brookii Britton
  • Harrisia divaricata (Lam.) Backeb.
  • Harrisia earlei Britton & Rose
  • Harrisia eriophora (Pfeiff.) Britton
  • Harrisia fernowii Britton
  • Harrisia fragrans Small
  • Harrisia gracilis (Mill.) Britton
  • Harrisia nashii Britton
  • Harrisia portoricensis Britton
  • Harrisia simpsonii Small
  • Harrisia taetra Areces
  • Harrisia taylorii Britton

• Subgenus Eriocereus - the fruits open
  • Harrisia adscendens (Gürke) Britton & Rose
  • Harrisia bonplandii (J.Parm. Ex Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose
  • Harrisia martinii (Labor.) Britton & Rose
  • Harrisia pomanensis (FACWeber) Britton & Rose
    • Harrisia pomanensis subsp. pomanensis
    • Harrisia pomanensis subsp. Regelii (Weing.) R.Kiesling
  • Harrisia tephracantha (Labor.) DRHunt
  • Harrisia tortuosa (J. Forbes ex Otto & A.Dietr.) Britton & Rose

Without assignment

• Harrisia hurstii W.T. Marshall
• Harrisia 'Jusbertii' hoards.

Synonyms of the genus are Eriocereus Riccob. (1909), Roseocereus Backeb. (1938) and Estevesia P.J.Braun (2009).

use

In the Gran Chaco region in Argentina and Paraguay , the fruits and the boiled, roasted or baked thickened roots are eaten.

proof

literature

• Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 337-341 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 337-341 .
2. ↑ Patricia Hernández-Ledesma, Walter G. Berendsohn, Thomas Borsch, Sabine Von Mering, Hossein Akhani, Salvador Arias, Idelfonso Castañeda-Noa, Urs Eggli, Roger Eriksson, Hilda Flores-Olvera, Susy Fuentes-Bazán, Gudrun Kadereit, Cornelia Klak , Nadja Korotkova, Reto Nyffeler, Gilberto Ocampo, Helga Ochoterena, Bengt Oxelman, Richard K. Rabeler, Adriana Sanchez, Boris O. Schlumpberger, Pertti Uotia: A taxonomic backbone for the global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales . In: Willdenowia . Volume 45, number 3, 2015, pp. 281-383 ( doi: 10.3372 / wi.45.45301 ).

further reading

• Alan R. Franck: Systematics of Harrisia (Cactaceae) . Graduate School Theses and Dissertations, 2012 ( online ).
• Alan R. Franck: Synopsis of Harrisia Including a Newly Described Species, Several Typifications, New Definitions, and a Key to Species . In: Haseltonia . Number 18, 2012, pp. 95-104 ( doi: 10.2985 / 026.018.0112 ).
• Alan R. Franck, Bruce J. Cochrane, James R. Garey: Phylogeny, Biogeography, and Infrageneric Classification of Harrisia (Cactaceae) . In: Systematic Botany . Volume 38, Number 1, 2013, pp. 210-223 ( doi: 10.1600 / 036364413X662105 ).
• Alan R. Franck, Bruce J. Cochrane, James R. Garey: Relationships and dispersal of the Caribbean species of Harrisia (sect. Harrisia; Cactaceae) using AFLPs and seven DNA regions . In: Taxon . Volume 62, number 3, 2013, pp. 486-497.

Web links

Commons : Harrisia  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Description in the Flora of North America. (engl.)