Red Horus
| Red Horus in hieroglyphics | |||||||||
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| Middle realm |
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| New kingdom |
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| Gr.-Roman. time |
Hor-dscher (u) / Hor-descher (u) Ḥr-dšr (w) Red Horus |
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| New kingdom |
Seba-iabti-pet Sb3-j3btj-pt The eastern star of the sky |
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| Greek | ΈΡΤΩΣΙ | ||||||||
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" Red Horus " ( Middle Egyptian Hor-jeru, Hor-descheru ) is another name of the ancient Egyptian sun god . In the Egyptian mythology and ancient Egyptian Astronomy divinity called Red Horus as epithet of the sun god of the planet Mars as a "living star" of Re .
Mythological connections
Mars was considered the "Star of Horus " in the past , but this can be excluded due to the mythology and the mentions in the Nutbuch :
“This God [...] not to allow the teaching to come to her ( Nut ). [...] That is the shape of Re when he rises from the water in the morning. He is the falcon [...] that comes out [from] Well , so the book says "Protection of the Bedchamber". "
Re is positioned as a falcon on the southeast side of the sky goddess Nut. The interpretation of the statement "teaching that must not get to the groove" remains unclear. From a mythological point of view, Re is in the land of Punt during sunrise and takes on the appearance of Re-Harachte .
Long before the New Kingdom, the god Harachte symbolized the planet Mars. This equation is early reinterpreted in the coffin texts of the Middle Kingdom as Hor-descheru, who brings the eye to the deceased . Then followed for Horus in the horizon and Hor-descheru the link with the sun god and thus an assignment to Re-Harachte and Re.
In a text from the New Kingdom ( 19th - 20th Dynasty ) it says: Harachte (is) Hor-descheru, the star of the eastern sky, which wanders backwards, the name Harachte is written with the determinative of the sun god Re.
iconography
Iconographically , Re was to be seen in the New Kingdom as a human figure with a falcon head in the appearance of Horus as Re-Harachte - Atum . The falcon's head symbolized the duration of sunrise and sunset . He shows Re as descherti ( bloody ) in the state of giving birth to Nut shortly before appearing on the horizon or in the state of dying after sinking below the horizon. In the Greco-Roman times, Hor-descheru is depicted as a god with drooping arms and is in a boat with a star on his head .
See also
literature
- Christian Leitz u. a .: Lexicon of the Egyptian gods and names of gods . (LGG), Volume 5, Peeters, Leuven 2002, ISBN 90-429-1150-6 , p. 296.
- Alexandra von Lieven : Floor plan of the course of the stars - the so-called groove book . The Carsten Niebuhr Institute of Ancient Eastern Studies (among others), Copenhagen 2007, ISBN 978-87-635-0406-5 .
