Harache
| Caught in hieroglyphics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ideogram |
|
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| mostly |
Heru-Achti |
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| transcription | Ḥrw-3ḫtj | |||
Haracht (also Hor-Achti ) is in Egyptian mythology (in the Egyptian pantheon ) a subform of the god Horus , who was worshiped as the god of light.
Presentation and meaning
Haracht is represented as a falcon-headed man who wears the solar disk and the uraeus snake on his head.
Haracht is the early name for the morning sun. In the pyramid texts he is still a separate deity from Re . However, since the 5th dynasty , Harachte is connected with Re to Re-Harachte . He was identified with Re, but especially with the manifestations of Re as Chepre (Chepri) and Atum , on its daily path on the horizon from east to west. The syncretic god Re-Harachte symbolizes the rising, newly born sun . The god Harachte belongs to the morning (rising sun) and the east.
There is a presumption that Harachte, as a special form of the sun belief of Heliopolis, contributed greatly to the development of the belief in Aton under Akhenaten in Karnak .
Surname
The translation of the name Ḥrw-3ḫtj (Heru-Achti) is usually given in the following variants: "The horizontal", "The horizontal Horus", "Horus of the two horizons" but also with "Horus from the horizon". The reading of the epithet 3ḫtj as dual is then translated as "horizontal" or "(the) two horizons". Bonnet, however, gives "Horus from the Land of Light" as a correspondingly better translation.
Cult places
Haracht was especially worshiped as a local special form of the god Horus in Heliopolis. There were also cults for him both in the Temple of Amun in Karnak ( Thutmosis III ) and in the mortuary temple of Hatshepsut in Deir el-Bahari . In addition to Re , Atum and Chepre , he is called in a song of the sun.
Harache and Harmachis
Both local forms of the god Horus differ not only in their hieroglyphic writing, but also in their representation and meaning. So Harmachis the "Horus in the horizon," the one in the New Kingdom of Great Sphinx of Giza revered.
See also
literature
- Véronique Berteaux: Harachte - Iconography, Iconology and Classification of a Complex Deity up to the End of the New Kingdom , 2005.
- Hans Bonnet : Lexicon of the Egyptian religious history. 3rd unchanged edition, Nikol, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-937872-08-6 .
- Rolf Felde: Egyptian deities . 2nd expanded and improved edition, R. Felde Eigenverlag, Wiesbaden 1995.
- Wolfgang Helck , Eberhard Otto: Small Lexicon of Egyptology . Harrasowitz, Wiesbaden 1999, ISBN 3-447-04027-0 .
- Veronica Ions: The Gods and Myths of Egypt. (= The great religions of the world - gods, myths and legends. ) Neuer Kaiser Verlag - Book and World, Klagenfurt 1988.
- Manfred Lurker : Lexicon of the gods and symbols of the ancient Egyptians. Scherz, Bern / Munich / Vienna 1998, ISBN 3-502-16430-4 .