Red and yellow foxtail grass

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Red and yellow foxtail grass
Alopecurus aequalis W.jpg

Red and yellow foxtail grass ( Alopecurus aequalis )

Systematics
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Pooideae
Genre : Foxtail grasses ( Alopecurus )
Type : Red and yellow foxtail grass
Scientific name
Alopecurus aequalis
Sobol.

The red-yellow foxtail grass ( Alopecurus aequalis ), also known as red-yellow foxtail, is a species of the sweet grass family (Poaceae).

A broken spikelet: the glumes (Glu) are fused together at the base. The lemma (Lem) of the single flower has a short, straight awn on the back.

features

The red-yellow foxtail grass grows as an annual to perennial grass, so it is a therophyte to hemicryptophyte . It forms short rhizomes and renewal shoots and reaches stature heights of 10 to 25 cm, rarely 5 to 30 cm. The stem is smooth, glabrous and only rough below the inflorescence . It has 5 to 8 nodes that are also bald. The stems are mostly prostrate. In the lower half they are branched and also rooted at the nodes. They rise kinky and are up to 70 cm long. They can also flood in the water .

The lower leaf sheaths are brown and frayed, the upper ones are slightly puffed up. The ligule is 2 to 5 mm long and narrowly rounded. The leaf sheaths are 2 to 8 cm (rarely 1 to 12) long, 2 to 5 mm wide, flat and slightly ribbed. On both sides, they are rough on the ribs and the edge.

The inflorescence is a 2 to 7 cm long and 3 to 5 mm wide panicle . It is rounded at both ends and rolled-oblong. The spikelets are 2 to 2.2 (rarely 2.5) mm long. The glumes are herbaceous and only fused at the base. On the keel they are ciliate 0.5 mm long and the side surfaces have short hairs. The lemma is glabrous, on its back in or slightly below the middle an awn of 1.2 to 1.8 mm long, which is hardly longer than the glume, straight and without knees. The anthers are 0.8 to 1 mm long, at first white, later yellow-red, rust-colored or brick-red, at the end are yellowish-white (in contrast to the similar foxtail grass ). Flowering time is from June to October. The flowers are proterogynous and mostly cross- pollinated .

The caryopsis is 0.8 to 1 mm long, ovoid and pointed.

The chromosome number is 2n = 14.

Distribution and locations

The red and yellow foxtail grass is widespread in Europe, temperate Asia and North America as far as the Andes. It grows on the banks of ponds and lakes, in ditches and wet meadows. The species occurs mainly on temporarily flooded, nutrient-rich and humus clay soils. It is a full light plant and a wet indicator. Alopecurus aequalis rises up to the subalpine altitude , in Styria up to 1860 m. In the Allgäu Alps, the species rises up to 1,880 meters above sea level.

It is an association character type of the association named after it Alopecuretum aequalis within the association Bidention tripartitae (two-tooth societies).

supporting documents

In addition to the sources listed in the individual references, the article is based on the following documents:

  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive (CD-Rom), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Alopecurus aequalis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved November 7, 2016.
  2. ^ CE Hubbard: Grasses. A Guide to their Structure, Identification, Uses and Distribution in the British Isles . Penguin, London 1992, p. 269, ISBN 0-14-013227-9
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 157.

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