Red-stalked dwarf deaf

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Red-stalked dwarf deaf
Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Russulales (Russulales)
Family : Deaf relatives (Russulaceae)
Genre : Russulas ( Russula )
Type : Red-stalked dwarf deaf
Scientific name
Russula font-queri
Singer

The Red-stemmed Dwarf-Täubling or Rotstieliger Birch-Täubling ( Russula font-queri ) is a fungus from the family of the Täubling related . It is a rare deaf and typical birch companion with a copper-red hat and a slightly pink handle. Its spore powder is yellowish.

features

Macroscopic features

The relatively fleshy or thick fruiting bodies have a 3.5–6.5 cm wide cap that is domed when young and later spread out flat to deepened. Sometimes the hat can be hunched over. At first it is more yellow to yolk yellow, then orange tones predominate, with reddening from the center. After all, with age it is dirty yellow, copper-red to brick-red. The edge of the hat is smooth at first, then grooved to bumpy and furrowed, in young specimens it can in rare cases be slightly frosted. The shiny hat skin can be peeled off up to 2/3 of the radius and is often sticky or greasy. With KOH it turns citring yellow.

The 4–7 mm high and crowded or rather dense lamellae are first pale, then cream-colored and finally a beautiful ocher-yellow color and have a yellow-orange shimmer. They are mostly bifurcated, often cross-veined and attached to the stem. In old age, they can also easily run down a stick. Often they are with some intermediate fins ( fin tablets intermingled). The spore powder is colored light yellow ( IVa according to Romagnesi ).

The cylindrical or spindle-shaped stem is 5–9 cm long and 0.7–1.5 cm thick. It is white and partly reddish, pink or salmon colored, especially at the base and the tip of the stem. It is only very rarely completely white and without a reddish color. In young fruiting bodies, the stalk is full at first, with a firm bark and spongy pulp, but with age it is usually hollow and more or less wrinkled.

The whitish flesh may turn a little yellow. At first it tastes rather mild, then quite hot. Old fruit bodies taste quite mild. The deafbling is almost odorless or it smells slightly fruity. The guaiac reaction is only weak.

Microscopic features

The rather elliptical spores are (7–) 8–9 (–10) µm long and (5–) 6–7.5 (–8) µm wide. They are isolated warty ornamentation and partly connected like pearls or almost burrs. The cystids are normal, mostly spindle-shaped or cylindrical and 40–65 (–85) µm long and 7–12 µm wide. They can be at least partially colored with sulfovanillin . The apiculus measures 1.25 × 1.5. The Hilarfleck is polygonal and lobed and 3 to 3.25 microns wide and clear amyloid . The basidia are 28–40 (–50) µm long and x 8.5–11 (–12.5) µm wide.

The hyphae end cells of the cap skin are slender, 2–3 µm wide and sometimes almost a little sagging. The pileocystids are cylindrical, 4–6 (8) µm wide and 2–3 – septate. In rare cases they are almost fusiform or bulbous (8–10 µm), but blunt.

Species delimitation

The red-stemmed dwarf-deaf and the orange-deaf R. aurantiaca are very close and can easily be confused with one another. The most important differentiator is the spore powder color. The Orange-Täubling has medium yellow and R. font-queri has pale yellow spore powder. In addition, the pileocystids in the red-stemmed dwarf deafblings are somewhat broader and some have smaller protuberances about 5–6 µm from the tip of the cystid.

Ecology and diffusion

European countries with evidence of finding of the red-stemmed dwarf pigeon.
Legend:
  • Countries with found reports
  • Countries without evidence
  • no data
  • non-European countries

    • The red-stemmed dwarf pigeon, like all pigeons, is a mycorrhizal fungus that mainly forms a symbiosis with birch trees. In Germany, the species was found in mixed oak forests that love warmth. The fruiting bodies appear in June and July.

    The Täubling occurs in Europe and North America. It was also found in North Africa (Morocco). In southern Europe it is an alpine species that occurs in Spain mainly in the high valleys of the Pyrenees. It was also found in France, the Netherlands, Germany and southern Scandinavia.

    In Germany, the species is extremely rare, there are only a few localities in Lower Saxony, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Baden-Württemberg and southern Bavaria. The very rare and endangered species is listed in the Red List in the hazard category RL2. In Austria, the Täubling is most commonly found in Lower Austria and Burgenland. The Täubling is missing above 700 m above sea level.

    Systematics

    Inquiry systematics

    The red-stemmed dwarf deaf is placed by Bon in the sub-section Rhodellinae , a sub-section of the Tenellae section . The representatives of this subsection have more or less red or orange colored hats. The flesh and the stem change their color only slightly and are only slightly yellow. Sometimes the stem is tinged pink or reddish. The deafblings are found in deciduous forests.

    Subspecies and varieties

    • Russula font-Queri var. Microspora Romag.
    The hat is 2.5–4 cm wide and more or less copper-colored. The edge is grooved. The more distant lamellas are looser. The handle is whitish and the meat is mild and then slowly a little hot. Spore powder is light yellow (IVa-IVb according to Romagnesi).

    meaning

    The species is theoretically safe to eat, but because of its rarity as an edible mushroom, it does not play a role.

    literature

    • Alfred Einhellinger: The genus Russula in Bavaria . In: Bibliotheca Mycologica . 3. Edition. tape 112 . Berlin / Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 978-3-443-59056-7 , pp. 80 .

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ a b c Russula font-queri. (No longer available online.) In: Russulales News / mtsn.tn.it. Archived from the original on February 18, 2007 ; Retrieved June 24, 2011 (Latin, original description). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mtsn.tn.it
    2. ↑ a b Russula. (DOC) Russulas. Micologia.biz Web de micología Europea, p. 127 , accessed July 6, 2011 (Spanish).
    3. ^ A b c d German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 519.
    4. ↑ a b H. Romagnesi: Russula font-queri. Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord (1967). In: mycobank.org The Fungal website. Retrieved July 6, 2011 (French).
    5. ^ A b W. Demon, A. Hausknecht, I. Krisai-Greilhuber: Database of Austria's mushrooms. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, 2009, accessed September 2, 2011 .
    6. ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Russula font-queri. Retrieved on June 9, 2012 (Täubling very rare :).
    7. ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Russula font-queri. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved June 13, 2012 .
    8. ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula font-queri. (No longer available online.) In: data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on January 28, 2015 ; Retrieved August 19, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / data.gbif.org
    9. ↑ Nahuby.sk - Atlas hub - Russula font-Queri. In: nahuby.sk. Retrieved September 12, 2012 .
    10. ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved September 12, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wsl.ch
    11. ↑ Russula font-queri in the PILZOEK database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 19, 2011 .

    Web links

    Commons : Rotstieliger Zwerg-Täubling ( Russula font-queri )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files