Ruest
Coordinates: 53 ° 37 ' N , 11 ° 57' E
Ruest is a district of the municipality of Mestlin in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
geography
The village is located in the north of the Mestlin municipality about 20 kilometers north of Parchim and ten kilometers west of Goldberg . The place is about 73 meters above sea level and is mostly surrounded by arable land. To the west and southwest of Ruest are the settlements Ruester Krug and Ruest-Expansion. To the south of Ruester Krug, on the Glockenmoor, was the Dorfstäd , a desolate village. To the east of the village , the remains of a castle wall can be seen within the fire moor where charcoal was burned .
The district road 15 leads through Ruest from Mestlin to Groß Niendorf .
history
The place name should be of Slavic origin and means as rust as much as Butcher's Broom (Plant, Polish: ruszczek ).
Archaeological studies indicate that the area was already settled in the Neolithic Age . A Bronze Age barrow was built over. Settled by Teutons , the Slavs came after the Great Migration . In the 13th century at the latest, German farmers began to move in and founded a village next to the Slavic settlement. The tower hill castle of a knight, the "Nygenhof" on the Bollberg, lay apart . Ruest was first mentioned in a document in 1352. It belonged to the Land of Werle and Nicolaus von Werle enfeoffed Dankwart Gustaevel in 1354 with Ruest dat dorp tu Ruyst. 18 farmers lived there in 1540, and there was also an estate. According to Wiebeking's map from 1786, the farms are arranged on both sides of the path leading through the village.
The Thirty Years' War and the plague in 1638 caused the population to drop to a third. Farms were destroyed and fields lay desolate. In 1696 six farms were already rebuilt and despite interim wars, Ruest had 67 inhabitants in 1704 and 106 in 1751. In 1785, a forge on the road to Mestlin is mentioned in records. The building existed until 1960. On the night of October 2nd to 3rd, 1820, the entire farmstead of Farmer Garling, consisting of a house, cattle shed, barn, small stable and old-age pensions, was destroyed by flames. In 1830 a school and a jug are mentioned next to the church. Long-term leases have been applied in Ruest since 1832 and the fragmentation of areas has been counteracted. In the 19th century Ruest became a large farming village with 26 farms. The dependence of the former monastery builders on the monastery office was reduced. In 1832/33 the Ruester extension (also Neu Ruest) and Ruester Krug were built west of the town. Around 1900 "the Ruester farmers felt like little kings in their empire". In the First World War fell 11 Elm men. In 1937 there were 284 inhabitants in the village. The 25 farms, two Büdner and four cottagers cultivated 1351 hectares of land. There was still a blacksmith's shop, a steam dairy, a jug and a school in the village.
During the Second World War , French prisoners of war and Poles replaced the drafted Ruester men in agriculture. From January 1945, refugees from the eastern areas poured into the village. Low-flying planes shot at the people working in the fields. The war and subsequent events resulted in a total of 24 deaths from the village population . 15 Ruesters fell on the front lines, 5 people took their own lives after the Red Army moved in on May 3, 1945 - some of them after being raped. Four farmers were deported to the Soviet special camp Fünfeichen , two of whom never returned. A farmer was shot. One woman died in connection with her deportation. To this end, twelve German soldiers and two intelligence workers were shot by Red Army soldiers in the vicinity of Ruest in early May 1945 . Cattle were slaughtered or driven away, then foot-and-mouth disease came to the village with animals being driven to the village. The delivery requirement was oppressive. From May 3 to August 12, 1945 there was no electricity in the village. On August 1, 1945, there were still 223 residents and 109 refugees living in Ruest. The appointed mayors changed frequently. In May 1945 it was the teacher Wilhelm Marten, then Franz Sternberg, who resigned in September 1945 for health reasons. From September 1945, Willi Stachorra came, who was arrested in November 1946 for serious offenses and sentenced to prison. In 1946 only one party, the SED, ran for the municipal council election. Benno Ciesniewski held out until 1949, when he went to Dabel as a hairdresser. In 1949 Ruest was described as "a free farming village with 26 old farmers and 26 new farmers" . On January 1, 1951, the community Ruest was dissolved and incorporated into Mestlin and administered from there. Due to repression during the forced collectivization , seven farmers and six new farmers from Ruest fled to West Germany on July 26 and 27, 1952. In 1953 six more farmers followed.
Since the construction of a sample village began in Mestlin in 1952 by resolution, the Feldmark Ruest of LPG in Mestlin was added in 1953 . Local farmers were forcibly relocated. The place was settled by refugees who left the village again in the following years. There remained ruins and four habitable houses. Numerous courtyards lay desolate, and the buildings standing on them were often completely demolished. In 1994 there were still 12 people living in Ruest. In 1955 a pig fattening facility and a cowshed were built at Ruester Krug and the kindergarten was closed. In 1957 the village school closed and the children were taken to Mestlin by the LPG. Since there was a labor shortage in agriculture and the later LPG since 1952, a residential barrack was built as a home for social care for former offenders in 1959 at the suggestion of the Office for Health and Social Services in Ruest , where around 50 women were housed for two years as rehabilitation time until 1961 were. They worked in the cattle and pig breeding facility and cooked for themselves. After their transfer, the same number of men worked there until the end of 1969. She works in the LPG and later in the forest. A retirement home was set up here from 1970. From 1983 there was a second old people's home in the former village school, which was closed in 1994. After extensive handicapped-accessible renovation by the Diakoniewerk Kloster Dobbertin, it was opened in 1996 as a meadow house .
On May 29th and 30th, 2002 the village celebrated its 650th anniversary.
Incorporation
On July 1, 1950, Kadow came to Ruest and on January 1, 1951 Ruest to Mestlin.
survived village pond 2012
Allee at Ruester Krug, 2013
Rest of a farm in 2008
State 2012
Village church
Field stone church - built at the end of the 13th to the beginning of the 14th century, consecrated to Saint Stephen. 1996 Connection of the emergency safety with boarded lattice tower and a church roof covered with corrugated bitumen.
graveyard
The large village cemetery around the church still has numerous old grave sites and a war memorial for the soldiers from Ruest who died in the First World War.
The Glockenmoor and Nepersmühlen
The field mark around the Ruester Krug has always seemed to be a place steeped in history. Many names, such as the Glockenmoor, the Dorfstäd or the Silberbergmoor, but also the story of the desert village of Nepersmühlen have been preserved. Opposite the Ruester Krug on the road from Mestlin to Hohen Pritz, the Erbkrug farmstead was built in 1833. In the southern field behind it there is a boggy meadow, the bell bog. A village is said to have stood on the field reserved for smaller people in Ruest in earlier centuries. The soil there still shows gravel and fragments of brick while plowing. There were even talk of the remains of old stone walls. What is certain is that this part of the field is still called "de Dbod-Städ", the village village. At this old village location, only a few meters from the edge of the Glockenmoor, the Ruester farmhand Friedrich Garling found a treasure in 1849 by the hook in the field of the Erbkrüger Rieck. The tin beer mug contained 1221 silver coins minted before 1379. Coin experts came to the conclusion that the coins were buried before 1403. According to old stories and a legend, the submerged village on the Dorfstäd is said to have had a church with a bell. According to legend, the bell is said to have sunk in the bell moor and is still lying there. The lost village cannot have been Ruest or Nepersmühlen. So the name of the desert village on the Glockenmoor remains unknown.
Legends of the village
A number of legends were and are told about the village and Ruester Feldmark.
The witches of Ruest
For the first time, a picturesque dirt road pulled from Ruest over the hilly fields to Mestlin. It has long been plowed up, but some of the old people's stories of a haunted spot along the way are still in their minds. About halfway, where the border to Mestlin ran, flowed in a small stream, the Devil's Trench. Not far from there was the witch's hollow. And on the opposite side, towards Kadow, the Blocksberg rose. It was here that the witches met with the devil on Walpurgis Night and celebrated their orgies. But since the witches couldn't stand a whole year without causing harm, they could also be found at the moat at midnight. Many a man who walked the path at night was dragged into the ditch here and was only released in the morning.
The Silberberg at the Ruester Krug
Superstitious ideas persisted for a long time, especially in rural areas. People saw in them a means to defy the forces of nature. Sometimes it was the only help. The landscape around the Ruester Krug is characterized by wide fields with hills and small ponds. To the west of the "Silberberg" are the "Silbermoor" and the "Glockenmoor". The Silberberg had a special relationship to the village, because in some thunderstorms the lightning struck on this hill of all places.
Since the surrounding farms were spared, a cross was made on the hill and came here to pray before a thunderstorm. Grandfather Köpcke did the same, because his farm was across the street. He was so in awe of this cross that he walked around the cross once before going into the village. This did not go unnoticed by the people and soon people were telling each other strange things, including the man's invisible powers, in ignorance of the context.
The rider from the Ruester bulwark
In the southernmost tip of the elongated Ruester Feldmark, a hill called "Bollwerk" rises in the middle of the meadows. The Ruester tell some creepy stories about the bulwark. A castle is said to have stood there and the benevolent knight Bernhard Ruyst enjoyed a high reputation in a wide area. Even the Goldbergers appointed him their councilor. After his death, his son became master of the castle. He was a cruel and hard-hearted mugger, robbing and looting until he stole a great treasure. He was not happy with this, because he was captured, sentenced to death and the castle destroyed. But the evil knight found no rest after his death. Because at midnight he got out of his gab, swung himself on his horse and rode to the bulwark, carrying his head under his arm.
swell
Printed sources
- Mecklenburg record book (MUB)
- Mecklenburg Yearbooks (MJB)
Unprinted sources
-
State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
- LHAS 1.5-4 / 3 documents Dobbertin monastery.
- LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Provincial Monastery / Monastery Office Dobbertin
- LHAS 3.2-4 Knightly fire insurance company
- LHAS 5.11-2
- LHAS 5.12-4 / 2 Mecklenburg Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests
- LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Specialia, Section 4 Ruest.
literature
- Johann Clamer Buchholz: Detailed information on churches and parish matters in Mestlin and Ruest and what seemed necessary to know for a thorough overview, set up and confirmed by accompanying writings, plans and tables. by Johann Clamer Buchholz, pastor at Mestlin and Rüest at that time. Mestlin 1884 and 85.
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Munich, Berlin 2000. ISBN 3-422-03081-6 , pp. 502-503.
- Johann-Georg Nehls: Ruest. About the growth and decay of my home village . Self-published, Mülheim / Ruhr 1994
- Burghardt Keuthe: Parchimer legends, part III. Goldberg, Lübz, Plau. Parchim 1999. pp. 45, 81.
- Burghardt Keuthe: Pümpeltut and other field names of the Schwinzer Heide and adjacent field marks of the Parchim district. Ed .: Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide Nature Park (unpublished) 2004, pp. 46–49.
- Fred Ruchhöft: The development of the cultural landscape in the Plau-Goldberg area in the Middle Ages. Ed .; Kersten Krüger / Steffen Kroll, Rostocker Studien zur Regionalgeschichte, Volume 5, Rostock 2001, ISBN 3-935319-17-7 , pp. 150, 270, 279, 312.
- Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. IV. Volume: The district court districts of Schwaan, Bützow, Sternberg, Güstrow, Krakow, Goldberg, Parchim, Lübz and Plau. Schwerin 1901. ISBN 3-910179-08-8 , pp. 376-378.
- Dieter Garling: Ruest. Chronicle of a Mecklenburg village. Goldberg 2002.
- Fred Beckendorff: Ruest. The village. The church. In: The village, town and monastery churches in the nature park and its surroundings. Ed. Naturpark Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide (= From Culture and Science, Volume 3), Karow, pp. 56–57.
- Tilo Schöfbeck: Medieval churches between Trave and Peene. Berlin 2014 ISBN 978-3-86732-131-0 , pp. 65, 259, 277, 307, 364.
cards
- Topographical, economic and military chart of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and the Principality of Ratzeburg. 1758 Dobbertin monastery with the Sandpropstei of Count Schmettau.
- Wibeking map of Mecklenburg 1786.
- Chart of the possessions of the Dobbertin monastery, section II. Contains ruins, made according to the estate maps in 1866 by IH Zebuhr.
- Table sheet Mestlin 1882.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place names in Mecklenburg. MJB 46 (1881), p. 123.
- ↑ Burghard Keuthe in Ruest. 2002
- ↑ MUB XIII. (1884) No. 7875.
- ↑ a b c Johann-Georg Nehls (Ed.): Ruest. About the growth and decay of my home village. ( digital ( memento from November 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ))
- ^ Johann-Georg Nehls: Ruester Chronik. P. 20
- ↑ Information board in Ruest
- ↑ Ruest at emecklenburg.de
- ^ Dieter Garling: Reust. Chronicle of a Mecklenburg village. 2002, p. 84.
- ↑ Horst Alsleben: The treasure from the bell moor. SVZ Lübz - Goldberg - Plau, December 6, 2007.
- ↑ Horst Alsleben: The secret of the Wittenpfennige. SVZ Lübz - Goldberg - Plau, 2nd / 3rd November 2017.
- ↑ LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Landeskloster / Klosteramt Dobbertin. No. 4178, Ruest coin found in 1849.
- ↑ Burghard Keuthe: The bells in the bog. 1999, p. 45.
- ↑ collected by Burghard Keuthe in Parchimer Sagen.