Ruin Stein (Danube)

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Ruin stone
Ruin Stein (Danube) south side.jpg
Creation time : before 1336
Conservation status: ruin
Standing position : sovereign
Place: Krems at the Donau
Geographical location 48 ° 24 '3.8 "  N , 15 ° 34' 37.4"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 24 '3.8 "  N , 15 ° 34' 37.4"  E
Height: 217  m
Ruin Stein (Lower Austria)
Ruin stone

The ruin Stein is a ruin in the cadastral community of Stein in the statutory city of Krems an der Donau in Lower Austria . It is not a listed building .

history

The Favianis fort in Mautern is said to have had a base north of the Danube as early as Roman times . Its location, however, is controversial. The site of the current ruin is indicated by the Altenburg vineyard designation (first mentioned as "Altinpurch" between 1188/93). The castle as the location for the Rugenburg of King Feletheus from the Vita Sancti Severini appears improbable according to new findings. Despite early medieval finds in the adjacent Altenburg vineyard, settlement continuity is not assured.

A sovereign castle is mentioned in 1336. It was integrated into the city fortifications of Stein. A salaried caretaker was responsible for the administration of the castle, who also collected the salt and later bridge tolls for the Mauterner bridge . The castle is first mentioned in a document in 1336.

In the dispute between Emperor Friedrich III. and Matthias Corvinus was able to withstand the siege in 1477, but had to open the gates to the Hungarians in 1485. The castle and town remained occupied until 1490.

Around 1614 the city took over the maintenance of the dilapidated complex, on March 26, 1645 the castle and the city fell into the hands of the invading Swedes, the entire occupation and the population of able-bodied citizens of the city were killed. The reconquest by the imperial troops the following year left a ruin. As a result, people no longer cared about the functionless festival and left it to decay. In 1799 the castle grounds were parceled out and sold to private individuals.

description

View from the west side

The ruin is located on a rocky spur foothills towards the city between Reisperbach and Förthofgraben. The World Heritage Trail leads past it.

The sovereign Steiner Stadtburg protected the western part of the city as well as the Linzer Tor underneath it . The castle area was about 120 m long and 40 m wide. To the southwest it ran to a point. The mountain spur falls almost vertically towards the Danube. On the opposite north side, the Altenburg corridor rises , the castle was balanced here by a wide and very deep moat.

The remaining wall remnants indicate a main castle at the southwest end of the mountain spur and a bailey in the northeast area. The long outer wall is still well preserved on the northwest side. Only the substructure of the southern wall can be seen. Its upper area has long since been removed or fell into the valley. A well-preserved square tower stands at the south-western tip of the castle area. It should have been at least one floor higher in the past. In the east, another rectangular tower is integrated into the north wall, which was also originally significantly higher. Finally, there was a tower in the southeast corner of the outer wall facing the city.

literature

  • Evelyn Benesch, Bernd Euler-Rolle , Claudia Haas, Renate Holzschuh-Hofer, Wolfgang Huber, Katharina Packpfeifer, Eva Maria Vancsa-Tironiek, Wolfgang Vogg: Lower Austria north of the Danube (=  Dehio-Handbuch . Die Kunstdenkmäler Österreichs ). Anton Schroll & Co, Vienna et al. 1990, ISBN 3-7031-0652-2 , p. 590 ff .
  • Georg Binder: The Lower Austrian castles and palaces. 2 volumes, Hartleben Verlag, Vienna / Leipzig 1925, I, p. 38.
  • Bertrand Michael Buchmann, Brigitte Faßbinder: Castles and palaces between Krems, Hartenstein and Jauerling . Castles and palaces in Lower Austria 16 (birch row), St. Pölten / Vienna 1990, p. 64 ff.
  • Rudolf Büttner: Castles and palaces on the Danube . Birken-Verlag, Vienna 1977, ISBN 3-85030-017-X , p. 153.
  • Falko Daim , Karin Kühtreiber, Thomas Kühtreiber : Castles - Waldviertel, Wachau, Moravian Thayatal . 2nd edition, Verlag Freytag & Berndt, Vienna 2009, ISBN 978-3-7079-1273-9 , p. 263 ff.
  • Franz Eppel : The Wachau . Verlag St. Peter, Salzburg 1975, pp. 201 and 214 f.
  • Gerhard Reichhalter, Karin and Thomas Kühtreiber: Castles Waldviertel Wachau . Verlag Schubert & Franzke, St. Pölten 2001, ISBN 3-7056-0530-5 , p. 193 f.
  • Rupert Schweiger: The magic of architecture - twin cities Krems-Stein and Mautern. , Niederösterreichisches Pressehaus, St. Pölten 1993, ISBN 3-85326-956-7 , p. 263 ff.
  • Georg Matthäus Vischer : Topographia Archiducatus Austriae Inferioris Modernae 1672. Reprint Graz 1976 VOMB, No. 114.

Web links

Commons : Ruine Stein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c cf. entry on ruin stone on Lower Austria castles online - Institute for Realienkunde of the Middle Ages and the early modern times, University of Salzburg
  2. ↑ a b c d Cf. entry on ruin Stein auf Burgen-Austria
  3. ^ Anton Kerschbaumer : History of the City of Krems . Verlag Faber, Krems 1885, p. 84 f.