Round-leaved gentian
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Round-leaved gentian ( Gentiana orbicularis ) |
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The Rundblättrige gentian ( Gentiana orbicularis ) is a plant of the genus gentians ( Gentiana ) within the family of Gentianaceae (Gentianaceae).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The round-leaved gentian is a perennial , herbaceous plant that only reaches heights of 30 to 80 millimeters. It has only short or almost no stems .
The basal sheets are usually round to obovate with a length of 4 to 10 millimeters and widest in the middle third. The dark green leaves are leathery and rigid.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period extends from July to August. The flowers stand individually just above the top pair of leaves.
The hermaphrodite flowers are radially symmetrical with a double flower envelope . The five green sepals are fused. The calyx is clearly winged. The deep blue corolla is plate-shaped with broad, almost round corolla lobes .
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28 or 32.
Confusion with other species
The round-leaved gentian is easy to confuse with the spring gentian ( Gentiana verna ). The spring gentian, however, has broadly lanceolate, pointed basal leaves that are usually 10 to 30 millimeters long. Another difference is that the dead leaves of the round-leaved gentian are often still present, as well as the much later flowering period from July to September.
Occurrence
The round-leaved gentian is widespread in Europe in the Alps and other mountains from southern Spain to the northern Balkans . It usually occurs at altitudes from 1600 to 2800 meters. In the Allgäu Alps, it occurs at altitudes of 2200 to 2430 meters. It thrives in sunny alpine stone lawns on fresh, lime-rich, mildly humus-rich, loose clayey stone and rubble soils . It occurs in plant communities of the Drabion hoppeanae association, but also in the Seslerion albicantis association and in the Elynion association.
Taxonomy
The first description of Gentiana orbicularis was in 1866 by Ferdinand Schur .
literature
- Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (= Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
- Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Gentiana orbicularis Schur, Rundblättriger Enzian. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 757 .
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 342.
Web links
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Round-leaved gentian . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Gentiana orbicularis Schur In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved January 24, 2016.
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )