Duck deaf
| Duck deaf | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Russula anatina | ||||||||||||
| Romagn. |
The duck-deaf or gray-green mature deaf ( Russula anatina ) is a fungus from the family of the deaf relatives . It is a rare species that is somewhat reminiscent of the blue-green ripening blubber .
features
Macroscopic features
The hat is 4–9 cm wide, depressed and often bent in a wavy manner. Overall, the hat is reminiscent of the blue-green mature blubber , but it is darker, washed-out gray-green to steel blue. The hat skin tends to burst open from the edge, similar to that of the crack-hatched female deaf ( R. cyanoxantha var. Cutefracta ). The middle fades to a cloudy ocher color with age, and turns brownish pink as it dries. Green-olive with yellow-brownish and purple hues also occur.
The cream-colored lamellae are attached to the stem, often wrinkled and bifurcated. They are not mixed in and are comparatively close together.
The stem is 3–6 cm long and 1–1.5 cm wide. It is cylindrical, whitish and more or less spongy. The meat is white, largely odorless and turns dirty pink to gray-green with iron sulfate. The mushroom tastes mild, in the lamellas a bit pungent. The spore powder is off-white.
Microscopic features
The spores are 6–8.5 µm long and 5–7 µm wide. They are covered with coarse, isolated warts of very variable height. The hyphae end cells of the cuticle are more or less narrowed, with cells often 6–10 µm wide or bulging, but rarely slightly isodiametric. The numerous and very variable Pileocystiden are often club-shaped, button-like or narrowed and (4) 6–8 (10) µm wide.
ecology
The duck deafblings are like all deafblings a mycorrhizal fungus , which preferably enters into a symbiotic relationship with oaks . Occasionally, other deciduous trees such as hornbeam and birch can serve as hosts for a symbiotic relationship.
The Täubling can be found in light, oak-rich red beech and hornbeam oak forests and in hardwood meadows. But it also occurs in oak groves, on grassy forest and forest path edges, in parks and oak avenues.
The Täubling prefers moderately fresh to moderately moist, also alternately moist, neutral to alkaline soils, such as garbage soils, pararendzinen , terra fusca , brown loam and alluvial soil , over lime, marl, gravel and sands.
The fruiting bodies appear from summer to early autumn. As a planar to submontane species, the fungus occurs in flat, hilly and lower mountain regions.
distribution
The rare duck-blubber occurs in North Africa (Morocco) and in Europe. In Europe, it was found in the west in France, the Netherlands and Belgium. There are also a few reports from England, Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. It is also found in central and southern northern Europe.
In Germany, the duck-pigeon is extremely rare north of the 52nd degree of latitude, but it is also very rare to the south of it, most often it still seems to be in the Saarland. The species is classified as critically endangered (RL2) on the Red List .
Systematics
Inquiry systematics
The duck pigeon is placed in the Griseinae subsection , a subsection of the Heterophyllea section . The subsection contains medium to large species with gray, green, purple or olive colored hats. The mildly tasting mushrooms have slightly sharp lamellae, their spore powder is cream-colored to ocher.
Subspecies and varieties
Russula anatina var. Xanthochlora ( Lange ) Bon is a variety with a predominantly greenish-yellow color, without traces of dirty gray-green or pink.
meaning
The Täubling is edible, but not digestible for everyone.
literature
- Russula anatina. In: Partial Russula species database of the CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center . Retrieved on February 4, 2014 (English, spore drawing and tabular listing of the macro- and microscopic features (based on H. Romagnesis "Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord" )).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Russula anatina. In: SpeciesFungorum / speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved August 18, 2011 .
- ↑ a b c Marcel Bon (ed.): Parey's book of mushrooms . Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 58 .
- ↑ a b c German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 452.
- ↑ a b c under The Russulales Website ( Memento of the original from May 11, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ Basidiomycota Checklist-Online - Russula anatina. In: basidiochecklist.info. Retrieved September 1, 2012 .
- ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Russula anatina. In: species.be. Retrieved on June 7, 2012 (Täubling rare!).
- ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula anatina. In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Retrieved September 1, 2012 .
- ↑ Nahuby.sk - Atlas hub - Russula anatina. In: nahuby.sk. Retrieved September 1, 2012 .
- ↑ Russula anatina. Pilzoek database, accessed August 18, 2012 .
Web links
- Henri Romagnesi : Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord . essai sur la valeur taxinomique et specifique des caractères morphologiques et microchimiques des spores et des revêtements. Bordas, Paris 1967, p. 300 (French, online [accessed February 4, 2014]).
- Russula anatina. In: Russulales News / mtsn.tn.it. Retrieved August 18, 2011 (English, original Latin description).
- Photo by Russula anatina. In: francini-mycologie.fr. Retrieved August 18, 2011 .
