Southern drop ant shrike
| Southern drop ant shrike | ||||||||||||
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Southern drop ant shrike, male |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Thamnophilus caerulescens | ||||||||||||
| Vieillot , 1816 |
The southern drop ant shrike ( Thamnophilus caerulescens ) belongs to the genus Thamnophilus within the ant bird family (Thamnophilidae) .
The species occurs in large parts of South America .
The distribution area includes tropical evergreen forest edge from Peru south along the Andes to Argentina and eastern Brazil , preferably between 1200 and 2800 m altitude.
The Latin additional species comes from the Latin caeruleus , sky blue .
features
The bird is around 14 to 16 cm tall and weighs between 15 and 24 g. The male is black on the forehead and vertex, the sides of the head are gray, the top is dark gray with black, it has a white interscapular spot, the wing covers are spotted with white, the flight feathers are bordered blackish-brown, pale brown and white. The tail is brown to black with white tips. The underside is gray. In the female, the upper side including the vertex is olive-brown, the upper tail-coverts are bordered yellowish-brown, the wing-coverts are very dark brown with white tips, flight feathers are dark brown with clay-colored edges, the tail is dark brown with small white tips. Throat and breast are ocher-gray, the rest of the underside is cinnamon-colored. Fledglings resemble the females but are more yellowish brown.
Geographic variation
The following subspecies are recognized:
- T. c. melanchrous P. L. Sclater & Salvin , 1876 - Peru, contains T. c. subandinus
- T. c. aspersiventer d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye , 1837 - Southeast Peru and West Bolivia
- T. c. dinellii Berlepsch , 1906 - South Bolivia and Northwest Argentina
- T. c. paraguayensis Hellmayr , 1904 - Southeast Bolivia, North Paraguy and South Brazil
- T. c. gilvigaster pelts , 1868 - southeastern Brazil, Uruguay, and northeastern Argentina
- T. c. caerulescens Vieillot , 1816, nominate form - Southeast Paraguay, Brazil and Northeast Argentina, contains T. c. albonotatus
- T. c. ochraceiventer Snethlage , 1928 - Brazil
- T. c. cearensis ( Cory , 1919) - Northeastern Brazil, contains T. c. pernambucensis
voice
The singing is described as a simple, even sequence of 6 to 7 plaintive whistling tones of equal pitch and volume.
Way of life
The food consists mainly of insects , but also of fruits .
The breeding season in Brazil is between October and February, in Bolivia and Peru between August and November and in Argentina between October and December. The nest is a 5 cm deep and 6 cm wide bowl, hung on thin horizontal branches at a height of 0.6 to 2.5 m.
Hazardous situation
The stock is not considered to be at risk ( least concern ).
literature
- L. Vieillot In: Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire naturelle, appliquée aux arts, à l'agriculture, à l'économie rurale et domestique, à la médecine, etc. Par une société de naturalistes et d'agriculteurs. Avec des figures tirées des trois règnes de la nature . Vol. 3, pp. 311, 1816, Biodiversity Library
Web links
- Xeno-canto
- Oiseaux.net
- Vireo
- Peruaves
- Fauna Paraquay
- Birds of the World (videos, photos and sound recordings)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Southern teardrop ant shrike , in Avibase - The World Bird Database. Retrieved July 15, 2020.
- ↑ a b c d K. Zimmer and ML Isler: Variable Antshrike (Thamnophilus caerulescens) , version 1.0. In: J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, DA Christie and E. de Juana (editors): Birds of the World . 2020, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. Variable antshrike
- ^ JA Jobling: A Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Oxford University Press. 1991, ISBN 0-19-854634-3 .
- ↑ Worldbirdnames Antbirds
- ↑ a b c K. J. Zimmer & ML Isler: Family Thamnophilidae (typical antbirds). In: J del Hoyo, A Elliott & D Christie (Eds.): Handbook of the Birds of the World, Volume 8. Broadbills to Tapaculos , 2003, pp. 448-681
- ↑ Redlist.Retrieved July 15, 2020.