Ant birds

Ant birds
Brown and white ant bird ( Gymnopithys leucaspis )
Systematics
Subclass : New-jawed birds (Neognathae) Order : Passerines (Passeriformes) Subordination : Screeching Birds (Tyranni) Partial order : Screaming birds of the New World (Tyrannides) without rank: Tracheophonic shrieking birds (Furnariida) Family : Ant birds
Scientific name
Thamnophilidae
Swainson , 1824

The ant birds ( Thamnophilidae) are a species-rich and richly shaped family in the order of the passerine birds (Passeriformes). More than 230 species have been described. There is a close relationship to the ant pittas (Grallariidae) and the ant thrushes (Formicariidae).

The small to medium-sized ant birds are only found in the tropical and subtropical forests of Central and South America . The wings are rounded and short in most species. The flying skills are not well developed. Their plumage is usually inconspicuously colored. In the females predominantly reddish brown, in the males gray to black. They hop on the ground to search for insects . It was named after the habit of following the trains of the wandering ants and eating the frightened insects, spiders or even small reptiles and snakes . Only a few species feed on the ants .

Genera and species

Black ant bird ( Myrmeciza immaculata )

Collar Ameisenvogel ( Phaenostictus mcleannani )

Banded ant shrike ( Thamnophilus doliatus )

• Batara
  • Giant ant shrike ( Batara cinerea )

• Biatas
  • Whitebeard ant strangler ( Biatas nigropectus )

• Cercomacra Sclater, 1858
  • Ash gray ant catcher ( Cercomacra cinerascens )
  • Banana ant catcher ( Cercomacra ferdinandi )
  • Manua ant catcher ( Cercomacra manu )
  • Mato grosso ant catcher ( Cercomacra melanaria )
  • Northern pied ant catcher ( Cercomacra nigricans )
  • Narrow-billed ant catcher ( Cercomacra carbonaria )
  • Striped ant catcher ( Cercomacra brasiliana )

• Cercomacroides Tello & Raposo, 2014
  • Amazon ant catcher ( Cercomacroides laeta )
  • Dark gray ant catcher ( Cercomacroides tyrannina )
  • Parker's ant catcher ( Cercomacroides parkeri )
  • Black and gray ant catcher ( Cercomacroides nigrescens )
  • Southern pied ant catcher ( Cercomacroides serva )

• Clytoctantes
  • Gray ground ant shrike ( Clytoctantes alixii )
  • Mato-Grosso ground ant shrike ( Clytoctantes atrogularis )

• Cymbilaimus
  • Bamboo ant shrike ( Cymbilaimus sanctaemariae )
  • Zebra ant shrike ( Cymbilaimus lineatus )

• Dichrozona
  • Rump band ant catcher ( Dichrozona cincta )

• Drymophila
  • Bindtail ant catcher ( Drymophila squamata )
  • Long-tailed ant catcher ( Drymophila caudata )
  • Ocher ant catcher ( Drymophila ochropyga )
  • Olive-backed ant catcher ( Drymophila malura )
  • Rust-bellied ant catcher ( Drymophila ferruginea )
  • Rusttail ant catcher ( Drymophila genei )
  • White-bellied ant catcher ( Drymophila devillei )
  • Cinnamon-bellied ant catcher ( Drymophila rubricollis )

• Dysithamnus
  • Speckled Chest Shrimp ( Dysithamnus stictothorax )
  • Northern black-breasted shrike ( Dysithamnus leucostictus )
  • Olive shrike ( Dysithamnus mentalis )
  • Rust-backed shrike ( Dysithamnus xanthopterus )
  • Slate-gray shrike ( Dysithamnus occidentalis )
  • Striped Shrike ( Dysithamnus striaticeps )
  • Southern black-breasted shrike ( Dysithamnus plumbeus )
  • Spotted shrike ( Dysithamnus puncticeps )

• Epinecrophylla
  • Eastern gray-breasted ant hatchers ( Epinecrophylla haematonota )
  • Western gray-breasted ant hatchers ( Epinecrophylla spodionota )
  • Olive-brown ant hatchers ( Epinecrophylla leucophthalma )
  • Rusttail ant hatchers ( Epinecrophylla erythrura )
  • Jewelery ant hatchers ( Epinecrophylla ornata )
  • Drip-throated ant hatchers ( Epinecrophylla fulviventris )

• Formicivora
  • Brown-backed ant catcher ( Formicivora grisea )
  • Dark-backed ant catcher ( Formicivora melanogaster )
  • Slate ant catcher ( Formicivora iheringi )
  • Black-headed ant catcher ( Formicivora erythronotos )
  • Mountain ant catcher ( Formicivora serrana )
  • Resting goat ant catcher ( Formicivora littoralis )
  • Cinnamon ant catcher ( Formicivora rufa )

• Frederickena
  • Dark-brown ant shrike ( Frederickena unduligera )
  • Black-throated ant shrike ( Frederickena viridis )

• Gymnocichla
  • Bare-forehead ant bird ( Gymnocichla nudiceps )

• Gymnopithys
  • Bindtail ant bird ( Gymnopithys salvini )
  • Brown and white ant bird ( Gymnopithys leucaspis )
  • Rostthroat ant bird ( Gymnopithys rufigula )
  • Black-tailed ant bird ( Gymnopithys lunulatus )
  • White-eared ant bird ( Gymnopithys bicolor )

• Herpsilochmus
  • Chest band ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus pectoralis )
  • Pale- bellied ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus motacilloides )
  • Patch breast ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus longirostris )
  • Spotted- coat ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus dorsimaculatus )
  • Yellow-throated ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus axillaris )
  • Gray-throated ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus parkeri )
  • Red-winged ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus )
  • Salvina ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus sticturus )
  • Black-headed ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus atricapillus )
  • Tepui ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus roraimae )
  • Todd ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus stictocephalus )
  • Western Amazon ant catcher ( Herpsilochmus dugandi )

• Hylophylax
  • Ocher-spot ant guard ( Hylophylax naevius )
  • Red- coat ant guard ( Hylophylax naevioides )
  • Scale- coat ant guard ( Hylophylax poecilinotus )
  • White spot ant guard ( Hylophylax punctulatus )

• Hypocnemis
  • Yellow- browed antcatcher ( Hypocnemis hypoxantha )
  • Stainless edge Ameisenschnäpper ( Hypocnemis cantator )

• Hypocnemoides
  • Northern gray antcatcher ( Hypocnemoides melanopogon )
  • Southern gray antcatcher ( Hypocnemoides maculicauda )

• Hypoedaleus
  • Pearl-coat ant strangler ( Hypoedaleus guttatus )

• Isleria .
  • Gray-bellied ant hatchers ( Isleria hauxwelli ), (formerly Myrmotherula hauxwelli )
  • Rust -bellied ant hatchers ( Isleria guttata ), (formerly Myrmotherula guttata )

• Mackenziaena
  • Long-tailed ant shrike ( Mackenziaena leachii )
  • Black mask ant strangler ( Mackenziaena severa )

• Megastictus
  • Short-tailed ant shrike ( Megastictus margaritatus )

• Microrhopias
  • Drip wing ant catcher ( Microrhopias quixensis )

• Myrmeciza
  • Lead gray ant bird ( Myrmeciza hyperythra )
  • Brown-backed ant bird ( Myrmeciza exsul )
  • Goeldiameisenvogel ( Myrmeciza goeldii )
  • Gray-banded ant bird ( Myrmeciza longipes )
  • Gray-headed ant bird ( Myrmeciza griseiceps )
  • Gray-headed ant bird ( Myrmeciza laemosticta )
  • Short-tailed ant bird ( Myrmeciza berlepschi )
  • Northern redtail ant bird ( Myrmeciza castanea )
  • Northern scale ant bird ( Myrmeciza ruficauda )
  • Unlucky ant bird ( Myrmeciza atrothorax )
  • Slate ant bird ( Myrmeciza nigricauda )
  • Ornate ant- bird ( Myrmeciza loricata )
  • Black ant bird ( Myrmeciza immaculata )
  • Black and gray ant bird ( Myrmeciza fortis )
  • Southern redtail ant bird ( Myrmeciza hemimelaena )
  • Southern scale ant bird ( Myrmeciza squamosa )
  • Spotted-cheek ant bird ( Myrmeciza pelzelni )
  • White- banded ant bird ( Myrmeciza ferruginea )
  • White-shouldered ant- bird ( Myrmeciza melanoceps )
  • Two-tone ant- bird ( Myrmeciza disjuncta )

• Myrmoborus
  • Narrow Brow Ameisenschnäpper ( Myrmoborus myotherinus )
  • Black- headed antcatcher ( Myrmoborus melanurus )
  • Varzeantcatcher ( Myrmoborus lugubris )
  • White- fronted antcatcher ( Myrmoborus leucophrys )

• Myrmochanes
  • Black and white antcatcher ( Myrmochanes hemileucus )

• Myrmorchilus
  • Black-backed ant catcher ( Myrmorchilus strigilatus )

• Myrmorne
  • Stubby ant bird ( Myrmornis torquata )

• Myrmotherula
  • Amazon pantyhose ( Myrmotherula multostriata )
  • Pale gray ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula menetriesii )
  • Yellow-throated ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula ambigua )
  • Yellow-stripe ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula sclateri )
  • Gray wing ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula behni )
  • Guiana stick ant panties ( Myrmotherula surinamensis )
  • Highland ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula schisticolor )
  • Ihering ant panties ( Myrmotherula iheringi )
  • Little silver ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula sunensis )
  • Short-billed ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula obscura )
  • Eastern white-throated ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula brachyura )
  • Pearl-throated ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula gularis )
  • Rio de Janeiro ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula fluminensis )
  • Rio Negro ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula klagesi )
  • Salvadoran ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula minor )
  • Black banded ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula urosticta )
  • Silver ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula longipennis )
  • Paraná ant hats ( Myrmotherula unicolor )
  • Alagoas ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula snowi )
  • Varzea ant panties ( Myrmotherula assimilis )
  • White-bellied ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula longicauda )
  • White-flanked ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula axillaris )
  • White-stripe ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula cherriei )
  • Western barnacle ant ( Myrmotherula pacifica )
  • Western white-throated ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula ignota )
  • Yunga ant hatchers ( Myrmotherula grisea )

• Neoctantes
  • Black ground ant shrike ( Neoctantes niger )

• Percnostole
  • Redhead ant bird ( Percnostola lophotes )
  • Black-headed ant bird ( Percnostola rufifrons )

• Phaenostictus
  • Collar Ameisenvogel ( Phaenostictus mcleannani )

• Phlegopsis
  • Gloss head Ameisenvogel ( Phlegopsis barringeri )
  • Red mirror ant bird ( Phlegopsis erythroptera )
  • Teardrop ant bird ( Phlegopsis nigromaculata )

• Pithys
  • White-faced ant bird ( Pithys albifrons )
  • White mask ant bird ( Pithys castaneus )

• Pygiptila
  • Spotted-wing ant shrike ( Pygiptila stellaris )

• Pyriglena
  • Stain coat Feuerauge ( Pyriglena atra )
  • White-backed fire- eye ( Pyriglena leuconota )
  • White-shouldered fire- eye ( Pyriglena leucoptera )

• Rhegmatorhina
  • Gray-headed ant bird ( Rhegmatorhina melanosticta )
  • Rust -bellied ant bird ( Rhegmatorhina cristata )
  • Rust- breasted ant bird ( Rhegmatorhina berlepschi )
  • Schwarzkopf ant bird ( Rhegmatorhina gymnops )
  • White-breasted ant bird ( Rhegmatorhina hoffmannsi )

• Rhopornis
  • Gray fire eye ( Rhopornis ardesiacus )

• Sakesphorus
  • Spotted-face ant shrike ( Sakesphorus bernardi )
  • Shoulder Patch Ameisenwürger ( Sakesphorus melanothorax )
  • Black- faced ant shrike ( Sakesphorus canadensis )
  • Silver- cheeked ant strangler ( Sakesphorus cristatus )
  • Sorrowful ant strangler ( Sakesphorus luctuosus )

• Schistocichla
  • Little gray ant bird ( Schistocichla leucostigma )
  • Black-billed ant bird ( Schistocichla schistacea )

• Sclateria
  • Mangrove ant bird ( Sclateria naevia )

• Skutchia
  • White- fronted ant bird ( Skutchia borbae )

• Taraba
  • White-breasted ant shrike ( Taraba major )

• Terenura
  • Yellow- rumped ant catcher ( Terenura sharpei )
  • Gray-cheeked ant catcher ( Terenura callinota )
  • Rust-backed ant catcher ( Terenura maculata )
  • Red-backed ant catcher ( Terenura spodioptila )
  • Red shoulder ant catcher ( Terenura humeralis )
  • Black-backed ant catcher ( Terenura sicki )

• Thamnistes
  • Rust- brown ant strangler ( Thamnistes anabatinus )

• Thamnomanes
  • Blue-gray shrike ( Thamnomanes schistogynus )
  • Einfarbwürgerling ( Thamnomanes caesius )
  • Northern black-throated shrike ( Thamnomanes ardesiacus )

• Thamnophilus
  • Amazon drop ant shrike ( Thamnophilus amazonicus )
  • Banded ant shrike ( Thamnophilus doliatus )
  • Brown-winged ant shrike ( Thamnophilus murinus )
  • Dark-mantled ant shrike ( Thamnophilus palliatus )
  • Monochrome ant strangler ( Thamnophilus unicolor )
  • Fine-striped ant shrike ( Thamnophilus tenuepunctatus )
  • Riverbank ant shrike ( Thamnophilus cryptoleucus )
  • Highland ant shrike ( Thamnophilus aroyae )
  • Hooded ant shrike ( Thamnophilus bridgesi )
  • Northern black ant shrike ( Thamnophilus nigriceps )
  • Pearl-shouldered ant shrike ( Thamnophilus aethiops )
  • Rust-wing ant shrike ( Thamnophilus torquatus )
  • Rust-parted ant shrike ( Thamnophilus ruficapillus )
  • Slate anthristus ( Thamnophilus schistaceus )
  • Black and gray ant strangler ( Thamnophilus nigrocinereus )
  • Black and white ant shrike ( Thamnophilus melanonotus )
  • Striped ant shrike ( Thamnophilus multistriatus )
  • Southern black ant shrike ( Thamnophilus praecox )
  • Southern drop ant shrike ( Thamnophilus caerulescens )
  • Tepui teardrop ant shrike ( Thamnophilus insignis )
  • Spotted wool back ( Thamnophilus punctatus )
  • Western drop ant shrike ( Thamnophilus atrinucha )

• Willisornis
  • Scale- mantle ant guard ( Willisornis poecilinotus )

• Xenornis
  • Red-backed ant shrike ( Xenornis setifrons )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ JG Tello, M. Raposo, JM Bates, GA Bravo, CD Cadena, M. Maldonado-Coelho: Reassessment of the systematics of the widespread Neotropical genus Cercomacra (Aves: Thamnophilidae). In: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 170, 2014, pp. 546-565.
2. ↑ G. Bravo, R. Chesser, R. Brumfield: Isleria, a new genus of response (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae). In: Zootaxa . Tape. 3195, p. 61-67, 2012

literature

• Joseph Forshaw (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Birds. 1999, ISBN 3-8289-1557-4 .

Web links

Commons : Ants (Thamnophilidae)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files