SŽD series СК
| SŽD series СК (SK) SŽD series СК У (SK U ) SŽD series СКМ (SKM) SŽD series СК У М (SK U M) |
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 СКМ-04
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| Numbering: | СК ‑ 01 to ‑04 СК У -05 СКМ-01 to ‑04 СК У М-05 |
| Number: | 5 (4 СК and 1 СК У ) |
| Manufacturer: | Dinamo work , work Kolomna |
| Year of construction (s): | 1936–1938 (СК and СК У ) k. A. (СКМ and СК У М, conversion) |
| Retirement: | 1972-1988 |
| Axis formula : | Co'Co ' |
| Gauge : | 1524 mm |
| Bogie axle base: | 2100 mm |
| Service mass: | 137.8 t (only СК) |
| Wheel set mass : | 23 t (only СК) |
| Top speed: | 92 km / h (only СК) |
| Hourly output : | 2040 kW (СК) 2670 kW (СК У ) 2400 kW (СКМ and СК У М) |
| Continuous output : | 1800 kW (СК) 2310 kW (СК У ) 1860 kW (СКМ and СК У М) |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1220 mm |
| Motor type: | ДПЭ-340 (СК) ДК-3А (СК У ) ДПЭ-400А (СКМ and СК У М) |
| Power system : | 3 kV direct current |
| Number of traction motors: | 6th |
The locomotives of the series СК (German transcription SK) of the Soviet Railways (SŽD) are wide-gauge electric locomotives . Another locomotive had series designation СК У . All locomotives were converted to СКМ (SKM) or СК У М (SK U M).
Series СК (SK)
In 1935, in addition to the first imported series С (S) and С И (S I ), the series С С 11 (SS11; later referred to as С С ) and the first 40 locomotives of the series ВЛ19 (WL19 ) to disposal. When comparing the С С and ВЛ19 series , the latter turned out to be the better. Nevertheless, the ВЛ19 series had some disadvantages, in particular the installation of a regenerative brake proved to be impossible. Such was installed in ВЛ19-38 on a trial basis, but it did not prove itself.
A new type was designed to combine the advantages of both series. Based on the ВЛ19 series, the designation ВЛ20 (WL20) was initially intended. In honor of the party functionary Sergei Kirov , who was murdered in 1934, his initials "СК" (SK) were ultimately chosen as the series designation. In 1935, development work began at the Dinamo plant in Moscow with the aim of developing an electric locomotive with the traction properties of the ВЛ19 series and regenerative brake.
Compared to the predecessor series, the locomotive superstructure created in the Kolomna plant was redesigned, but the characteristic appearance introduced with the С series with a front circuit and driver's cab door at the front was retained. The three-axle bogies of the С С 11 series were adopted, but the wheel diameter was increased from 1.20 m to 1.22 m. The engine type ДПЭ-340 (DPE-340) was also adopted. The transmission ratio remained unchanged at 3.74 compared to the ВЛ19.
In early 1936, СК-01 was the first locomotive of the new series to be completed. It was subjected to comparative tests in the summer of 1936 together with С С 11-02, ВЛ19-07 and ВЛ19-38 on the Tbilisi - Chaschuri (part of the Poti – Baku railway ) and Dsiruli - Marelissi - Lichi lines of the Transcaucasian Railway in the Georgian SSR . After the СК-01 had proven itself in these tests, it was taken into scheduled service on the Surami pass between Sestaponi and Chaschuri.
It was not until 1938 that three more locomotives with the numbers СК-02 to -04 were built. In 1938 the construction of the improved ВЛ22 series began , which made it unnecessary to build another СК. The СК series thus got prototype character.
In 1942, after a fire at СК-02, the regenerative brake was not restored.
Series СК У (SK U )
The Dinamo plant had already started developing more powerful engines in 1935. In 1938 the first six engines of the new type ДК-3А (DK-3A) with an output of 445 kilowatts were available. To test this engine, another locomotive prototype was built and designated as СК У -05, with the addition “У” standing for “усиленный” (reinforced). The gear ratio was changed to 3.476, which gave a top speed of 92 km / h. This prototype was again tested between Tbilisi and Chaschuri. The new engine did not prove itself due to insufficient mechanical stability, which is why no further construction was carried out.
Modernization to СКМ (SKM) and СК У М (SK U M)
Corresponding to the С С , which were modernized to С С М, СК-01 to -04 and СК У -05 were also equipped with engines of the type ДПЭ-400А (DPE-400A), which was also used in the ВЛ22М series . The series designation was changed to СКМ (SKM) and СК У М (SK U M). СКМ-01 to -04 came to the Permskaya seleznaja doroga , СК У М-05 stayed with the Transcaucasian Railway.
The СКМ were retired from 1972 to 1978, the СК У М-05 in 1973. The СКМ-04 remained in the Yekaterinburg Railway Museum.
literature
- Vitaly Alexandrowitsch Rakow: Lokomotiwy otetschestvennych schelesnych dorog (1845-1955 gg.) . Transport, Moskva 1995, ISBN 5-277-00821-7 .
Web links
- Overview page for the SŽD series СК (Russian)