SŽD series ЧС8

SŽD series ЧС8 ; Škoda type 81E0-81E2
	ЧС8 033
Numbering:	SŽD ЧС8 001-082
Number:	82
Manufacturer:	Škoda Plzeň
Year of construction (s):	1983 (81E0) ; 1987 (81E1) ; 1989 (81E2)
Axis formula :	Bo'Bo '+ Bo'Bo'
Gauge :	1,520 mm
Length over buffers:	33,740 mm
Smallest bef. Radius:	120 m
Service mass:	175.5 t
Friction mass:	172 t
Wheel set mass :	22 t
Top speed:	180 km / h
Continuous output :	7,200 kW
Starting tractive effort:	471 kN
Driving wheel diameter:	1,250 mm
Power system :	25 kV 50 Hz ~
Power transmission:	Thyristor - impulse control
Number of traction motors:	8th
Drive:	Škoda hollow shaft drive
Brake:	DAKO - compressed air brake,; electrical resistance brake
Locomotive brake:	DAKO compressed air ; brake handbrake
Train control :	LS III
Particularities:	Equipped with a drag brake

The SZD series ЧС8 (German transcription TschS8) of the Soviet railways (SZD) was the variant of the same resulting DC locomotives SZD series ЧС7 for the AC power at 25 kV and 50 Hz. The locomotives were 1,983 to 1,989 of Škoda in Pilsen manufactured and are mainly deployed in Ukraine in 2014 .

history

ЧС8.014 in the Kirov region

In the 1980s, the SŽD's passenger trains were to be lengthened and accelerated considerably. In some areas it was spoken of a train length of 32 cars at a speed of up to 180 km / h. Only an eight-axle locomotive came into question. The ЧС7 series was created at Škoda in Plzeň for work in the direct current sector, and the ЧС8.001 series for the alternating current sector was created in 1983 in the same plant under the work designation 81E0 . In the same year the second test locomotive ЧС8.002 was delivered.

The series machines that followed until 1989 differed from the prototypes. The driver's desk in particular was changed. In the series locomotives, various analog displays have been replaced by digital ones.

After the ЧС8.001 in what was then Czechoslovakia and the ЧС8.002 in the USSR had been thoroughly tested, they were handed over to the Kiev P depot for regular operation , where they were sent for operational trials and various exhibitions.

In 1987, 30 locomotives were built under the factory designation 81E1 , and the last 50 vehicles followed in 1989 under the factory designation 81E2 . The ЧС8 of the first series deliveries (up to company number 030 ) and the last deliveries (company number 070 to 082 ) went to the Kiev P depot, the serial numbers 031 to 069 to the Timashevsky depot of Severo-Kawkasskaya schelesnaja doroga .

The prototype locomotives were later technically redesigned to class 81E2 . The ЧС8.001 locomotive was badly damaged in a fire, then rebuilt and handed over to the Kiev P depot. Some locomotives like the ЧС8.022 were so badly damaged after accidents that they had to be scrapped, some of the locomotives were decommissioned due to a deformed frame. The ЧС8.079 burned out completely after a collision, it was then dismantled.

technical description

Driver's desk of the ЧС8

The rear of the engine room

Cooling fan for the transformer oil

Unit of auxiliary machines UNIPULS81A

The locomotive is a two-section locomotive, with a SL-66/3749/54 traction transformer , two main switches , two pantographs , a motor compressor and three motor fans installed on each section .

The mechanical part of the locomotive is essentially the same as that of the ЧС7 series. Changes resulted from the use of the more compact traction drive motors. This reduced the wheelbase of the bogies by 250 mm. The drives showed a lot in common with those of the ČSD series ES 499.0 and ČSD series ES 499.1 . The driver's cabs are equipped with air conditioning .

The electrical area was different from the DC machine. In addition to the additional transformer, there were changes in the controls and the auxiliary systems. The transformer is designed as oil-cooled. An oil cooler and devices for motor ventilation of the transformer oil are attached to the side part of the transformer. The locomotive's drive switch is designed like the ЧС4 and ЧС4т. The drive steps given by the drive switch are driven by an electropneumatic drive based on the Škoda system. The DC traction motors are fed by two rectifier units; two motors in each section are connected in parallel . The rectifier unit consists of 24 diodes . Three motor fans cool the locomotive's electrical equipment; the motor fan 1 and motor fan 2 cool the traction motors, the rectifier unit and some auxiliaries, the motor fan 3 the traction transformer. The converter block UNIPULS was able to regulate the voltage for the compressor drive and the fan drive to an economy mode with reduced voltage. He attended the compressor for a smooth start and managed the excitation of electric traction motors in a mode of resistance brakes .

Use of the locomotives

ЧС8.050

At first there were problems with the use of the locomotives. The electronic block worked unreliably due to insufficient cooling. As a result, an additional cooling fan was installed in the UNIPULS block , which increased the reliability of the locomotive.

The locomotives were initially operated in the Kiev P depot in the Ukraine and in the Timashevsky depot of Severo-Kawkasskaya zhelesnaja doroga. With the latter, the locomotives were tied to permanent staff, which increased their reliability and made operation easier. However, the reliability of the electronic blocks is said to have deteriorated again, which is why some locations prefer to use the simpler ЧС4т and ЧС4.

In spring 2014, the 40 machines of the Severo-Kawkasskaja schelesnaja doroga were handed over to the following railways as part of the conversion of the largest important trains to the covering of the RŽD series BaureiheП20 :