SŽD series 2-3-2В
| SŽD series 2-3-2В (2-3-2W, serial number 6998) | |
|---|---|
| Numbering: | 6998 |
| Number: | 1 |
| Manufacturer: | Luhansk locomotive factory |
| Year of construction (s): | 1938 |
| Retirement: | 1960s |
| Axis formula : | 2'C2 'h2 |
| Gauge : | 1524 mm |
| Length: | 16,870 mm |
| Empty mass: | 123 t |
| Service mass: | 138 t |
| Friction mass: | 64.5 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 21.5 t |
| Top speed: | 180 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | 3,400 hp |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 2,200 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 900 mm |
| Rear wheel diameter: | 1,050 mm |
| Number of cylinders: | 2 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 670 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 770 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 15bar |
| Number of heating pipes: | 98 |
| Number of smoke tubes: | 40 |
| Grate area: | 7.04 m² |
| Superheater area : | 119 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 248 m² |
| Service weight of the tender: | 56 t (empty weight) |
| Water supply: | 49 m 3 |
| Fuel supply: | 22 t |
| Particularities: | Locomotive with streamlining |
The SŽD class 2-3-2В (German transcription 2-3-2W) was a steam locomotive of the Soviet Railways (SŽD) in broad gauge design for express train service. It was designed and built in the Luhansk locomotive factory under the direction of the engineer Dinmitri Wasiliew Lwow and was intended for the management of courier trains. The locomotive was not given a serial designation, 2-3-2В is its main designation in the literature, and especially in the reference books on the locomotive park. In operational service, this locomotive was nicknamed “ cigar” because of its outstanding tip in front of the smoke chamber.
Prehistory of the origin of the steam locomotive
The development of the locomotive is a corollary of the high speed movements in Europe in the 1930s. This is why the railways of the former USSR ( SŽD ) also demanded a significant increase in the speed of passenger trains , especially on the high-speed line between Moscow and Leningrad . The С у series passenger locomotive , which was dominant at the time, was unable to meet these requirements with its maximum speed of 125 km / h and its power of 1500 hp. Although with the appearance of the ИС series, the power increased to 3200 hp, the speeds of the trains with this locomotive could not be increased. In the 1930s, the Moscow Aviation Institute and the manufacturer carried out aerodynamic studies on the model of this locomotive in the wind tunnel. As a result of this research, the Luhansk Locomotive Factory delivered the ИС 20-16 ( IS 20-16 ) locomotive with streamlined cladding in 1937 . In tests, the steam locomotive reached a speed of 155 km / h.
Construction of the locomotive
Locomotive No. 6998 was completed in April 1938. The diameter of the drive wheels was 2200 mm and the design speed was 180 km / h. In contrast to its sister machine from the Kolomna locomotive factory , for which all parts were specially designed as samples for other steam locomotive models, the Luhansk locomotive factory mainly used parts of the ФД and ИС series machines for this locomotive that were already in production . From these, the machine received, among other things, most of the elements of the steam boiler ( long boiler , fire box , fittings), the steam cylinders , the frame of the rear bogie and the bearings. As a result, the repair of the locomotive was made much easier, especially when it was used in a park with locomotives of the ReihenД and ИС series .
Steel with higher strength was used in the construction of the locomotive, and many places were welded . Alloy steel was used to manufacture the drive elements, and all of the locomotive's wheels were disc or boxpok wheels . The running axles of the leading and trailing racks, as well as all axles of the tender, had bearings with roller bearings ; the L 40 wide-tube superheater was used in the steam locomotive .
Operation of the locomotive
In contrast to the sister machine from the Kolomna locomotive factory , no technical heat test was carried out on the locomotive No. 6998 , and detailed tests were also not necessary using parts from the ФД and ИС series . In June 1938, the steam locomotive at the depot was Slavyansk of Donetsk Railways used. It drove express and courier trains on the Slovyansk - Rostov-on-Don and Slovyansk - Kharkiv sections . The monthly mileage of the locomotive was approx. 6000 km. In July of the same year, the October Railway received the locomotive for work on the Moscow - Bologoje section . With one of these trains the steam locomotive developed an output of 3400 hp on an 8 ‰ gradient, at the beginning of the ascent the speed was 110 km / h, at the end of the gradient it was 76 km / h. When traveling in the plan of the locomotive С у , the steam locomotive consumed approx. 15% more coal compared to this series.
After the Great Patriotic War the fairings of the locomotive were removed and the speed did not exceed 70 km / h from then on. Nonetheless, in April 1957, the locomotive was once again able to show what it can do; with a special train it reached a speed of 175 km / h, that was the last speed record for steam locomotives in the USSR .
Others
The locomotive was often the subject of artistic activity; She can be seen in a painting Express by Arkadii Samoilovitch Sheikhet, in the Novokuznetskaya station of the Moscow metro there is a mosaic by the artist Alexander Alexandrowitch Deineka, Skier and Industrialization , which also has the express locomotive as its subject.
The decommissioning dates of the locomotive are not known.
See also
literature
- The model railroader 11/1977, From the history of Soviet steam locomotives, page 330, organ of the DMV
Individual evidence
- ↑ Der Modelleisenbahner 11/1977, From the history of Soviet steam locomotives, page 330, Organ des DMV
- ↑ Internet site about the mosaic of the series 2-3-2В
