SBB Ae 8/14
| SBB Ae 8/14 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Ae 8/14 11801 in 1984 in Schwyz |
||||
| Numbering: | 11801 | 11851 | 11852 | |
| Number: | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Manufacturer : | SLM Winterthur, BBC Baden | SLM Winterthur, MFO | SLM Winterthur, BBC Baden | |
| Year of construction (s): | 1931 | 1932 (reconstruction in 1961) | 1938 | |
| Discarding: | 1975 | 1977 | 1972 | |
| Axis formula : | (1A) A1A (A1) + (1A) A1A (A1) | |||
| Length over buffers: | 34,000 mm | 34,000 mm | 34,010 mm | |
| Height: | 4,504 mm | 4,504 mm | ||
| Width: | 2,950 mm | 2,950 mm | ||
| Service mass: | 240 t | 246 t 244 t (reconstruction 1961) |
235.7 t | |
| Friction mass: | 160 t | 157 t 159 t (conversion 1961) |
160.5 t | |
| Top speed: | 100 km / h | 100 km / h | 110 km / h | |
| Hourly output : | 5,514 kW at 59 km / h | 6'470 kW at 62 km / h 6'066 kW at 62 km / h (conversion 1961) |
8'162 kW at 75 km / h | |
| Continuous output : | 5,147 kW at 61 km / h | 5'700 kW at 65 km / h (conversion 1961) | 7,647 kW at 77.2 km / h | |
| Starting tractive effort: | 490 kN | 588 kN 490 kN (renovation 1961) |
490 kN | |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,610 mm | 1,350 mm | 1,350 mm | |
| Impeller diameter: | 950 mm | 950 mm | 950 mm | |
| Drive: | Buchli drive | SLM universal drive | SLM universal drive | |
The Ae 8/14 were electric locomotives of the SBB , which were mainly used on the Gotthard. Only three pre-series locomotives were built, each of which was designed differently.
prehistory
The SBB route over the Gotthard, with its ramps with a gradient of 27 per thousand, places high demands on freight and heavy passenger train operations in particular. In the 1920s, the SBB was confronted with the problem that the power and the frictional weight of the locomotives on the ramps were no longer sufficient and so complex double traction or train splitting had to be carried out. The so-called multiple control, i.e. controlling several locomotives from one driver's cab, was not yet fully developed at the time.
It was therefore believed that the solution could be found with a double locomotive weighing around 250 tons and eight driving axles. This locomotive would be coupled in front of the train in Lucerne or Zurich in order to run it over the Gotthard and Monte Ceneri to Chiasso on the Italian border. The stops previously required for the provision of pre-tensioning machines in Erstfeld and Biasca would thus be omitted and travel times would be shortened.
First, the locomotives 11801 and 11851 were built with the aim of finding the most suitable drive. The 11852 followed a few years later. It was based on the 11851, but had a further increased drive power.
construction
The Ae 8/14 was available in three different versions with the road numbers 11801, 11851 and 11852. All were built as double locomotives with eight driving axles and six running axles per locomotive. The chassis was designed for 100 km / h so that the locomotives could also be used in passenger train traffic.
At the beginning, all locomotives were equipped with adhesion enhancers - a device that made it possible to relieve the running axles and thus increase the friction weight of the drive axles. These adhesion enhancers were shut down on all locomotives in the 1950s.
Executions
Ae 8/14 11801
No. 11801, built in 1931, has a Buchli drive per axle which, together with the motor, is almost identical to that of the SBB Ae 4/7 . The drives of one half of the locomotive are on the right-hand side as seen in the direction of the driver's cab. The double locomotive originally had an hourly output of 5,514 kW and was in regular use until 1975. It has been preserved to this day as an operational historic locomotive at the SBB. To protect the equipment, however, its output was reduced to 5,408 kW.
Ae 8/14 11851
No. 11851 was built in 1932. The locomotive had indeed the same box as the 11801, but had smaller driving wheels with SLM - Universal drives and twin engines. The more modern technology allowed a slightly higher hourly output of 6,070 kW to be installed. On the occasion of a conversion in 1961, the locomotive was given driver's cabs for seated operation with a new front section similar to those of the Ae 6/6 . The locomotive was scrapped in 1976. All still usable components were dismantled in the main workshop in Bellinzona and the remains demolished in Biasca .
Ae 8/14 11852
No. 11852 was a further development of No. 11851. While the drive and drives corresponded to the 11851, they were equipped with a new lightweight construction kit with a streamline design that was futuristic for the time. At the same time, the locomotive was a proof of the performance of Swiss industry, which was exhibited by SBB at the 1939 national exhibition . This is where the nickname Landi-Lok comes from . With an hourly output of 8,170 kW, it was for a long time the “most powerful locomotive in the world” and to this day the most powerful locomotive at SBB. In operation, however, it soon became apparent that the tractive power of the locomotive could not be fully exploited because otherwise, on the one hand, the pulling devices of the wagons would tear (see also draw hook load ), and on the other hand, the power had to be limited at speeds below 80 km / h in order to spin to prevent the driving wheels.
In 1971 the locomotive suffered a cable fire while driving through the Gotthard tunnel and was so badly damaged that repair was no longer an option. The locomotive was visually refurbished, but is not operational. It belongs to the SBB Historic Foundation . In the past, when the Swiss Museum of Transport was struggling with space problems, this Ae 8/14 could be found outdoors, next to the Immensee - Lucerne railway line , where it was also sprayed by strangers . Today it is firmly integrated into the exhibition of the Museum of Transport and one of the few exhibits that can be entered. At the time, it also served as a “prototype” for the SBB Ae 4/6 , which, to put it simply, is half a Landi locomotive without a central running axle.
See also
literature
- Claude Jeanmaire: The electric and diesel locomotives of the Swiss railways, the locomotives of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB); ISBN 3-85649-036-1
- Swiss Technical Journal No. 23/24, 1939
- Railway amateur 1969, volumes 4 and 5
- Oliver Ammann, ASEA, in Railway Amateur 6/2020
Ae 8/14 11801 & 11851
- SBB newsletter no. 12/1931
- The new Ae 8/14 Gotthard locomotives . Schweizerische Bauzeitung, Volume 99 (1932), Issue 12 (E-Periodica, PDF 2.2 MB)
Ae 8/14 11852
- Bulletin Oerlikon, No. 265, January 1947
- Roman Liechty: The railway rolling stock in Switzerland. National Exhibition 1939, section Electric Locomotive Ae 8/14 of the SBB
Schweizerische Bauzeitung, Volume 114 (1939), Issue 3, page 35f. (E-periodicals) - Roman Wülser, Thomas Brunner: The Landilokomotive - a prestige object with no great practical use (PDF; 469 kB) at the Lucerne Railway and Model Building Friends (EMBL)
