Salustiano Olózaga

Salustiano Olózaga

Salustiano de Olózaga y Armandoz (born June 8, 1805 in Oyón , Álava , † September 26, 1873 in Enghien-les-Bains , Paris ) was a Spanish writer , politician and Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) .

Life

Study and rule of Ferdinand VII.

After attending school, he studied philosophy at the University of Zaragoza and Complutense University in Madrid and law at the University of Madrid. Already during the liberal period ( Triennio Liberal ) after the revolution of January 1820 he was a volunteer in the national military service and a staunch liberal.

After the repressive suppression of the revolt of 1831 by the absolutist ruling King Ferdinand VII , he went into exile in Saint-Jean-de-Luz in France .

Reign of Isabella II and Prime Minister

Only after the death of Ferdinand VII and the beginning of the reign of Isabella II was he able to return to Spain from exile and became civil governor of Madrid in 1835 during the tenure of Prime Minister Juan Álvarez Mendizábal . In the elections of February 26, 1836 he was first elected member of parliament ( Congreso de los Diputados ), where he represented the interests of the constituencies of Logroño , Madrid, Albacete , Seville , Huesca , Almería and Saragossa until his death .

After the uprising of San Ildefonso of 1836 he was active as secretary of the Constitutional Commission in the creation of the Constitution of 1837 ( Constitución española de 1837 ), which resolved the constitution of Cádiz ( Constitución española de 1812 ) and the Royal Statute ( Estatuto Real de 1834 ) presented problems and conflicts. At that time he was appointed by the regent Maria Christina of Sicily to educate the minor Queen Isabella II. In 1840 he was temporarily mayor ( Alcalde ) of Madrid.

Because of his criticism of the law on city governments ( Ley de Ayuntamientos ) promoted by the regent and his support for the progressive policies of Baldomero Espartero , he took an active part in the demands of the regent to resign in October 1840. After Espartero himself became regent on May 18, 1841, he was appointed ambassador in Paris to refute the accusations made against the new regent by the former regent in exile in Rome . In November 1842 he returned to Spain, where he was again President of Parliament until January 1843.

After the overthrow of General Espartero in July 1843, as President of Parliament on November 8, 1843, he chaired the meeting of the Cortes on the early declaration of legal age ( Declaración de mayoría de edad ) for Queen Isabella II, who was only thirteen.

On November 20, 1843, he was appointed Prime Minister ( Presidente del Gobierno ) by the Queen . At the same time he took over the office of Foreign Minister ( Ministro de Estado ). On November 29, 1843, Luis González Bravo accused him of having achieved the dissolution of the Cortes by the young queen through threats of violence and intimidation. Because of these allegations, he finally had to resign on December 5, 1843 from his office as Prime Minister in favor of González Bravo. He then went back into exile in Paris and did not return to Spain until 1847. From June to September 1856 he was again active as ambassador in Paris.

Revolution of 1868, reign of King Amadeus and the last years of his life

In September and October 1868 he belonged to the circle of participants and supporters of the successful revolution led by General Juan Prim ( La Gloriosa ), which led to the end of the reign of Isabella II. In the following year he was one of the leading authors of a new constitution ( Constitución española de 1869 ), which provided for the establishment of a constitutional monarchy with the Italian Prince Amadeus as king.

During the short period of his reign he was again President of Parliament from April 4 to October 2, 1871. He was then again ambassador to Paris until his death.

writer

In addition, he was appointed to the Royal Historical Academy ( Real Academia de la Historia ) on April 11, 1851 . In 1871 he was finally appointed a member of the Royal Spanish Academy ( Real Academia Española ), where he took armchair N until his death two years later.

In addition to other books, he was the author of:

• "Causas que produjeron la pérdida de la libertad en el reino de Aragón" , 1853 (Reasons for the loss of freedom in the Kingdom of Aragon )
• "Sucesos de Antonio Pérez" , 1863
• "De la Beneficencia en Inglaterra y en España" , 1864 (About charity in England and Spain)
• "Estudios sobre elocuencia, política, jurisprudencia, historia y moral" , Madrid 1864 (studies on language skills , politics, law, history and morals)

Web links

• Biography on the homepage of the Spanish Prime Ministers (Spanish) ( Memento from June 18, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
• Biography (spanish)
• The cabinets during the tenure of Isabella II (1833–1843)
• The governments of the Kingdom of Spain from 1833 to 1868 ( Memento of February 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ List of Members of Parliament from 1810 to 1977
2. ↑ Mayor of Madrid (1800-1840)
3. ↑ Members of the Royal Historical Academy ( Memento of the original from December 11, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
4. ↑ Members of the Real Academia Española - Sillón N ( Memento of the original of December 13, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ The Antonio Pérez Incident (English WP)

predecessor	Office	successor
Joaquín María López López	Prime Minister of Spain 1843	Luis González Bravo