Samuel Hirszhorn

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Samuel Hirszhorn (also: Samuel Hirschhorn, born 1876 in Słonim , Grodno Gouvernement , Russian Empire ; died 1942 in Warsaw ) was a Jewish Polish journalist.

Life

Hirszhorn was born into a wealthy family. He attended the Polish Business School in Warsaw. He worked as a journalist for various Jewish newspapers in Russian Poland : Głos Żydowski , Moria (h) , Nasz Kurier , Nasz Dziennik and the Yiddish-language newspapers Warszewer Tagebłat , Der Moment , Unzer Ekspres , Dos Fołk . He began his literary activity with satirical articles, songs and translations. In 1903 he published a pamphlet Vegn Tsionizm on Zionism in Polish and in 1906/07 he was a main contributor to the daily Głos Żydowski .

After the German occupation of Poland in World War I , he was one of the editors of the short-lived weekly Opinja Żydowska with Natan Szwalbe and Jakub Appenszlak , and after it fell victim to war censorship , Głos Żydowski . Even after the war ended, he was involved in various, rapidly changing newspaper projects.

Hirszhorn was a co-founder of the Folk Party alongside Noach Pryłucki in 1916 and was elected to the Warsaw City Council with him. In 1919 he was delegated to the Constituent Sejm , which ended its work in 1922.

Hirszhorn was one of the editors of the Polish-language Jewish newspaper Nasz Przegląd after 1923 and was its political editorialist. The management of the newspaper was primarily in the hands of Appenszlak. Hirszhorn accompanied the crisis-ridden development of Polish domestic policy from the point of view of the Zionist Jews of Poland, who nevertheless documented their willingness to integrate into the Polish state by adopting the Polish language and nationality.

After the handover of power to the National Socialists in Germany in 1933, Hirszhorn prophesied that Hitler would choose Poland as the first victim of his expansionary policy and hoped for a common front in Poland. The anti-Semitism rampant in Poland was exacerbated by Obóz Zjednoczenia Narodowego (OZN also Ozon ), which was founded in 1936 , when it imitated the Nuremberg Laws and demanded that Jews in Poland should lose their civil rights. The concept of Jewish polity propagated by Hirszhorn and Appenszlak in their newspaper was thus once again called into question.

After the German occupation of Poland in 1939 , Hirszhorn was imprisoned in the Warsaw ghetto , where he tried again to install a newspaper. Hirszhorn committed suicide during the mass deportations from the ghetto in August 1942. His diary was lost.

Hirszhorn himself wrote poetry in Polish and translated Russian and French poetry into Polish. He edited an anthology by Chaim Nachman Bialik and a collection of 60 Yiddish poets in Polish.

Fonts

  • Samuel Hirszhorn; Jerzy Huzarski; B Arndt: Co to jest syonizm: bezstronny przegląd ruchu syonistycznego . [Warszawa]: skł. gł. G. Centnerszwer, 1903
  • Antologia poezji żydowskiej . Warszawa: Bracia Lewin-Epstein, 1921.
  • The history of five jews in Poilen five-year-olds Seim biz der weltmilḥāmā 1788–1914 . Warsaw Lewin-Epstein 1923.
  • Ignacy Schiper: Żydzi w Polsce odrodzonej: działalność społeczna, gospodarcza, oświatowa i kulturalna . Warszawa: Nakl. Wydawn. "Zydzi w Polsce Odrodzonej", 1932-33

literature

  • Lemma: Samuel Hirschhorn , in: Encyclopaedia Judaica , Volume 8, 1971, Sp. 527.
  • Salomon Wininger : Great Jewish National Biography . Kraus Reprint, Nendeln 1979, ISBN 3-262-01204-1 (reprint of the Czernowitz edition 1925), Volume 3, p. 137.
  • Katrin Steffen: Jewish polity? Ethnicity and nation as reflected in the Polish-speaking Jewish press 1918–1939 . Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2004. Zugl .: Berlin, Freie Univ., Diss., 2002.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Encyclopaedia Judaica , Volume 8, 1971, Col. 527
  2. ↑ a b c Samuel Hirszhorn  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , at jhi (pl)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.jhi.pl  
  3. ↑ a b Great Jewish National Biography , 1925, Volume 3, p. 137
  4. ↑ Katrin Steffen: Jewish polity? , 2004, p. 58
  5. ↑ a b Samuel Hirszhorn , at Ghetto Fighters House Archives
  6. ↑ Katrin Steffen: Jewish polity? , 2004, p. 85
  7. ↑ Katrin Steffen: Jewish polity? , 2004, passim
  8. ↑ Katrin Steffen: Jewish polity? , 2004, p. 332
  9. ↑ Katrin Steffen: Jewish polity? , 2004, pp. 356f
personal data
SURNAME Hirszhorn, Samuel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hirschhorn, Samuel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish journalist, member of the Sejm
DATE OF BIRTH 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Słonim
DATE OF DEATH 1942
Place of death Warsaw