San Francesco (Lucca)
San Francesco is a church in the Tuscan city of Lucca . It was started in the 13th century in the transition from Romanesque to Gothic , it was only completed in the 20th century with the upper part of the facade. Among others, Francesco Geminiani and Luigi Boccherini are buried in it.
Location and naming
The church is located in the eastern part of the old town of Lucca on the small forecourt, Piazza D. Francesco , which Via della Quarquonia and the south side of the church lead past. At the time of its construction it was outside the old city fortifications. She received her patronage from St. Francis of Assisi .
History and building history
The construction began, which explains its simplicity, originally as a monastery church of the Franciscans from 1228, the year of death of the saint as well as the founding year of the convent in Lucca. It was changed and supplemented several times in the 14th, 15th and 17th centuries, but the basic structure as a mendicant order church was retained. After Napoleon abolished all religious orders in Tuscany , it was first profaned, served again as the Franciscan monastery church from 1844 to 1868, was again profaned and has only been used as a church again since 1902. For some time now, churches and monastery buildings have been extensively renovated. The once extensive monastery included three cloisters and a small oratory from 1309, which is located on the north side of the square after an intermediate building.
facade
Despite its uniform shape, the facade was created in different centuries. The lower of the two floors was built during construction in the 13th century. The upper part above the cornice was built in a historicizing manner in the 17th century and was not actually fully completed until the first half of the 20th century. In the lower part, two outer blind arches structure the facade, they sit on flat pilasters . Only the actual portal is framed with alternating pilasters and quarter columns, which in turn support the stepped archivolts of the tympanum . This construction already points to the Gothic. Only fragments of painting or other furnishings of the tympanum have survived. The stripe effect of the facing results from the use of two differently colored limestones . As described, the large rose window is a historicizing work of the 17th century.
The two arconsol tombs on either side of the portal are special. They are based on ancient sarcophagi . The structure above comes from the time the church was built; the left of the two is known to have been built in 1249.
Interior and outfit
The church is a long, single nave church . The three chapels of the choir are additions from the 14th and 15th centuries. The church is not vaulted, it is covered by a beamed ceiling.
On the walls there are various frescoes , works from the 14th and 15th centuries, some of which belong to the Florentine school.
A number of people are buried in the church, the most famous being Luigi Boccherini. He died in Madrid in 1805 and his remains were transferred to the church in 1927. A bishop is also buried here, Giovanni Guidiccioni , who died in 1541. Memorial plaques in relief on the walls remind of other graves.
The church is equipped with richly inlaid choir stalls .
In the cloister directly to the north is the grave of the merchant Buonagiunta Tiguosini, who died in 1274. The fresco of Our Lady by Deodato Orlandi above his tomb is from that year .
organ
Behind the high altar is an organ that was built between 1930 and 1940 by the organ builders, the Turrini brothers. In 2013 the organ was restored by the organ builder Michelotto. The instrument has 16 registers (1089 pipes ) on two manual works and a pedal . The playing and stop actions are electro-pneumatic. In the gaming table , a development of the instrument has already applied to a total of 27 stops.
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- Coupling: I / I (super octave coupling), II / I (also as sub octave coupling), II / II (super octave coupling), I / P, II / P
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mehling (Ed.): Knaurs Kulturführer - Florenz und Toskana , p. 129.
- ↑ - ( Memento of the original from April 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Zimmermanns: Toscana - The hill country and the historic city centers , p. 151.
- ↑ Mehling (Ed.): Knaurs Kulturführer - Florenz und Toskana , p. 129.
- ↑ Schomann: Kunstdenkmäler in der Toskana , p. 416.
- ↑ Schomann: Kunstdenkmäler in der Toskana , p. 416.
- ↑ Mehling (Ed.): Knaurs Kulturführer - Florenz und Toskana , p. 129.
- ↑ Schomann: Kunstdenkmäler in der Toskana , p. 416.
- ^ Zimmermanns: Toscana - The hill country and the historic city centers , p. 151.
- ↑ Information about the organ (Italian)
literature
- Heinz Schomann : Art Monuments in Tuscany , Scientific Book Society , Darmstadt 1990
- Marianne Mehling (Ed.): Knaurs Kulturführer - Florenz und Toskana , Droemer Knaur, Munich 1983 ISBN 3-426-26079-4
- Klaus Zimmermanns: Toscana - The hill country and the historic city centers , 9th edition, Du Mont Buchverlag, Cologne 1986 ISBN 3-7701-1050-1
Web links
Coordinates: 43 ° 50 ′ 43.5 ″ N , 10 ° 30 ′ 40.6 ″ E