San Giovanni Elemosinario
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San Giovanni Elemosinario is a Catholic church in Venice . It is located in the Sestiere of San Polo near the Fabbriche Vecchie in the Rialto district . The church in its current form dates from the 16th century.
The church patron is John the almsgiver .
history
The origin of the church goes back to the 9th century. The first written mention of the church comes from 1071, when the campanile collapsed, which was then rebuilt twice. The late Gothic tower that still exists today dates from around 1400.
In 1514 a terrible fire incinerated the whole insula of the Rialto with the market and all its rich warehouse, as well as the church. The Senate of the Republic then commissioned the architect Scarpagnino to build the new market district and probably also the church. He directed his attention to building the market halls clearly and according to all the rules of safety with large arches. The main portal of the church also fits into this arch structure. In 1705 the church registers include Giovanni Maria Lanzini's family, a hat maker, and his Laura Manzoni with six children, including Giambattista Pittoni , who became one of the most famous painters in Venetian history.
Doge Andrea Gritti personally took a great part in the new building of the church, who always prayed here on Wednesdays. Above all, however, the church was popular with numerous brotherhoods, associations of craftsmen and guilds, which donated a large part of the interior decoration.
Building description
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The church has the plan of a Greek cross inscribed on a square. The presbytery and apses are also square. A dome rises in the middle. The interior impresses with its simplicity in the sense of the classical Renaissance .
The first altar on the left was that of the gallineri , the chicken dealer, from 1597. It was approved by Doge Marino Grimani , as indicated by a floor slab in front of the altar. To the left of it, on the entrance wall, there is a picture by Domenico Tintoretto showing the Doge Marino Grimani and his wife Morosina Morosini worshiping God the Father with two brothers from the Gallineri . The first altar on the right, however, belonged to the biavaroli , the oat traders. A floor slab in front of it reports that Doge Ludovico Manin was granted permission in 1792.
The altar to the right of the main altar is of particular importance. It was that of the corrieri , the messenger, and shows an important painting by Giovanni Antonio da Pordenone , Saints Catherine, Sebastian and Rochus from 1532 to 1533. On the lunette above you can see Saint Catherine of angels cared for by Domenico Tintoretto.
On the main altar is the depiction of Johannes Elemosinario ( John the Alms Giver ) by Titian (1545–50), whose relics are also in Venice in the Church of San Giovanni in Bragora . Giorgio Vasari tells of an alleged competition between Pordenone and Titian for the paintings in the church.
Other works of art inside are by Palma il Giovane and Leonardo Corona. A relief depicting the birth of Christ dates from the 6th / 7th centuries. Century.
literature
- Marcello Brusegan : Le chiese di Venezia. Storia, arte, segreti, leggenda, curiosità . Edition Newton Compton, Rome 2008, ISBN 978-88-541-0819-6 .
- Giuseppe Fiocco: Giovanni Antonio Pordenone . La Panarie, Udine 1939.
- Martina Mian (arr.): The churches of Venice. A museum in the city . Marsilio, Venice 2002, ISBN 88-317-8028-X .
- Inka Schneider (arrangement): Venice travel guide (DuMont visual). 5th edition DuMont, Cologne 2001, ISBN 3-7701-3200-9 .
- Giorgio Vasari : Lives of the Most Famous Painters, Sculptors and Builders. From Cimabue to 1567 (“Vite de 'più eccellenti architetti, pittori, et scultori italiani, da Cimabue insino a' tempi nostri”). Matrix-Verlag, Wiesbaden 2010, ISBN 978-3-86539-224-4 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Franca Zava Boccazzi: Pittoni: l'Opera Completa. Alfieri, Venice 1979, ISBN 9788843512201 , p. 103 f (Italian).
Coordinates: 45 ° 26 '19.3 " N , 12 ° 20' 4.4" E