San Pedro (A Mezquita)
San Pedro is a church in the place A Mezquita, a parroquía in the municipality of A Merca , which belongs to the province of Ourense in the autonomous Spanish region of Galicia . It was built in the Romanesque style at the beginning of the 13th century . From this time it has preserved a rich sculptural decoration. The church is used today as a parish church. In 1931 it was declared a Monumento Nacional ( Bien de Interés Cultural ).
history
The church is mentioned for the first time in 986 in a deed of donation to the monastery of San Salvador de Celanova . An inscription inside the church, to the left of the entrance, attests to the year 1240 of the Spanish era as the date of origin , which corresponds to the year 1202 according to our current calendar.
architecture
The outside facade of the church is structured by strong buttresses . There are portals on the north, south and west sides . The north portal is a simple arched portal. The south portal has a tympanum with a relief with two lions floating above the battlements of a castle. To the east is a retracted semicircular apse into which three narrow windows decorated with archivolts are cut. The square bell tower is integrated into the south side of the west facade . A lamb is depicted on the eastern and western ends of the roof.
West facade
.jpg)
.jpg)
The west facade is broken through by a rose window, under which an arched window opens. The portal zone is laterally framed by buttresses. On the left buttress there is a she-wolf suckling her young, on the right buttress a wolf is shown ripping a lamb. The upper end is a canopy , which rests on decoratively carved corbels and metopes with relief depictions of a wolf, a snake, a human bust and an outstretched person. In the corners below there are two figures. The figure on the left holds a key and represents the apostle Peter . The female figure on the right cannot be clearly identified.
The portal is spanned by three arched archivolts, which are decorated with scroll or bud friezes and are each supported by three columns. Animals biting each other and a person playing a string instrument can be seen on the capitals . The entrance is guarded by two wild animals with large claws that serve as corbels ( mochetas ) and support the tympanum. A Latin cross is depicted on it, the arms of which end in circles with inscribed flowers or cross shapes. In the center of the cross is a lamb enclosed in a circle.
Apostle Peter
West portal
Tympanum
Feminine figure
inner space
The single-nave nave is divided into three bays and covered with a wooden ceiling that rests on pointed arches above wall columns. The choir bay between the apse and the nave has a Gothic ribbed vault , the ribs of which are supported by consoles . A console is designed with two figures, one figure holding the arm of the other. The apse is vaulted by a semi-dome reinforced with ribs . The columns of the broken chancel arch have capitals decorated with plant motifs.
Furnishing
A Romanesque font has been preserved in the church .
literature
- Jaime Cobreros: Las Rutas del Románico en España . Vol. 1, Madrid 2004, ISBN 84-9776-010-7 , pp. 311-313.
Web links
Coordinates: 42 ° 14 '12 " N , 7 ° 52' 7.5" W.