Santa Maria dei Miracoli (Naples)
| Chiesa di Santa Maria dei Miracoli
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|---|---|
| Patronage : | Maria |
| Order : | Order of the Franciscans (formerly) |
| Address: | Largo dei Miracoli, Naples |
Coordinates: 40 ° 30 '47.4 " N , 14 ° 9' 8.1" E
Santa Maria dei Miracoli (German: "Holy Mary of Miracles") is a baroque church with a former monastery building and cloister in the historic center of Naples , on Largo dei Miracoli near Via Foria. The name Miracoli went from the church to the forecourt and the entire district. The church is a UNESCO World Heritage Site .
history
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The church and convent were founded in 1616 by the Padri Riformati Conventuali ( Minorites ) of St. Lawrence . In 1660 the buildings were acquired by the Governatori of Pio Monte della Misericordia , with funds from the estate of Giovan Camillo Cacace, President of the Royal Chamber of Accounts ( Regia Camera della Sommaria e del Collaterale ), who died of the plague in 1656 . Cacace had testamentary decreed that a girl of his estate international and a nunnery from the Franciscan order should be based, and to this end two years were purchased another property and gardens around later to be able to enlarge the complex.
The construction of the church was in the hands of the important Neapolitan architect Antonio Francesco Picchiatti until 1665 , who also worked on the monastery and cloister until 1675. From 1675 to 1679 the work on the new cloister was transferred to Dionisio Lazzari .
In 1790 the facade was renewed by Camillo Lenti.
In 1808, in the course of the suppression of religious orders during the Napoleonic- French rule of Joachim Murat , the sisters moved to the monastery of Sant'Antoniello a Port'Alba. The boarding school for girls passed into the hands of the girls' college ( collegio femminile ) of Aversa under the patronage of Queen Carolina di Murat . Even after the return of the Bourbons , the boarding school remained, and later even survived the unification of Italy , but was renamed after the new Queen Maria Clotilde of Savoy (1843-1911).
Since 2008, the building has housed the architecture course with a master’s degree in interior architecture and design and the master’s degree in urban and environmental planning.
description
The interior is in the shape of a Latin cross with a single nave , side chapels and dome . A large part of the decorations goes back to Giovan Domenico Vinaccia, who created holy water stoups and numerous sculptures , and who also designed the multicolored marble inlay of the altars. In this context, the high altar in the apse is particularly striking , one of the most beautiful in Naples; The marble cafeteria in front of it in the classicist style is a later, also exquisite work, probably from the second half of the 18th century. The altarpiece Mary and Joseph ask the Holy Trinity for sinners in purgatory is by Andrea Vaccaro . The church also features numerous paintings by Andrea Malinconico , who worked here between 1679 and the end of 1687: he painted Peter and Paul (on the entrance wall), the cycle of Mary on the ceiling, depictions of the four evangelists and four church fathers , as well as the paintings the first two chapels on the right and the first chapel on the left. The altarpiece in the right transept and two pictures in the left transept, as well as the two paintings next to the high altar are by Andrea Malinconico and were described in detail and delighted by De Dominici (1742–43, p. 294 f). Other paintings are by Luca Giordano and Giovanni Battista Beinaschi (dome).
On both sides of the nave, directly opposite each other, there are also two visually identical baroque organs on richly carved and gilded galleries (see picture above)
Cloister
The Chiostro dei Miracoli next to the church and was also created at the request of Giovan Camillo Cacace and through the intervention of the Pio Monte della Misericordia. Before that there was an old monastery, the renovation and expansion of which was entrusted to Francesco Antonio Picchiatti in 1663; the work was completed in 1675.
In the old monastery there was already a small cloister (now almost completely gone) that Picchiatti did not change. Instead, he built a new one, which was larger and lighter, over a square floor plan with 6 arches per side. An upper floor was built on only two sides, with the nuns' dormitory , the other two sides were designed as a loggia . Numerous fruits and useful plants were grown in the spacious inner garden: when the monastery was abolished by the Napoleonic government in 1808 and turned into a military orphanage, there were trees with various citrus fruits - oranges , lemons , lemon lemons and mandarins -, a vineyard , olive trees , and other fruit trees .
literature
- Maria Rosaria Costa: I chiostri di Napoli , Newton & Compton, Rome, 1996 (Italian)
- Vincenzo Regina: Le chiese di Napoli. Viaggio indimenticabile attraverso la storia artistica, architettonica, letteraria, civile e spirituale della Napoli sacra , Newton e Compton editore, Naples 2004. (Italian)
See also
Web links
- The “Santa Maria dei Miracoli” church in Naples on the “napoligrafia” website , viewed on November 18, 2018 (Italian; source for this article)
- Information on the cloister of “Santa Maria dei Miracoli” (Naples) on the “napoligrafia” website , viewed on November 22, 2018 (Italian; also source for this article)
- The parish of the "Chiesa di Santa Maria dei Miracoli (Napoli)" on Facebook: "Parrocchia Santa Maria dei Miracoli - Napoli" , seen on November 22, 2018 (Italian)
Individual notes
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n “Santa Maria dei Miracoli” in Naples on the “napoligrafia” website , viewed on November 22, 2018
- ^ A b c d e f Maria Rosaria Costa: I chiostri di Napoli, Roma, Newton & Compton, 1996; here on the website “napoligrafia” , seen on November 22nd, 2018.
- ↑ a b c Luca Bortolotti: "MALINCONICO, Andrea" , in: Dizionario biografico degli italiani , Volume 68, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome, 2007.
- ↑ Bernardo De Dominici: Vite de'pittori, scultori ed architetti napoletani , Vol. III, (1742-43) Naples 1844, p. 294 f. Here after Luca Bortolotti: "MALINCONICO, Andrea" , in: Dizionario biografico degli italiani , Volume 68, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome, 2007.