Scharffenberg's book of arms

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Scharffenberg Coat of Arms was created at the end of the 16th century in the printing works of Crispin and Johann Scharffenberg in Breslau and is one of the most important Silesian coat of arms collections.

The original

This is a commissioned work from the printing works of Crispin and his son Johann Scharffenberg for the Wroclaw Governor Nikolaus Rhediger , which was created between around 1568 and 1581. The book of arms was later in the possession of Hildebrand Rudolf Freiherr von Hund and Altengrotkau auf Wirrwitz in the district of Breslau , who bequeathed his entire book collection to the St. Elisabeth Library in Wroclaw (also known as Rhedigerana) in 1746/48 . Their holdings were transferred to the new Wroclaw City Library (signature R 690) in the 19th century, where the Scharffenberg coat of arms was located until 1945. The subsequent whereabouts are unknown. However, towards the end of the Second World War, around half of all manuscripts in the Wroclaw City Library were relocated to the Heinrichau Monastery for security reasons , where they were lost during the devastation phase in 1945/46.

The original was more of a manuscript or a collection of materials for later publication, as only a small part of the sheets was completely woodcut printed. Most of them had pre-printed stencils into which the coats of arms were drawn freehand, the rest only showed handwritten coat of arms paintings. Except for one, the headings of the coats of arms were only handwritten. In addition to the name of the bearer of the coat of arms, mottos or motto with the year could also be noted. 236 of these mottos , which were taken from the family books that were so popular at the time , were published by Hermann Luchs. The paper in folio format from the Breslau paper mill showed the crowned W as a watermark .

There was no separate title page. At the beginning there was an index with 1244 names. The following first part showed about 200 coats of arms on 75 pages, namely that of the emperor (with the year 1578), that of the Silesian princes and other princes, counts and barons. The second part included about 2000 coats of arms of noblemen and a few commoners. Most of the families naturally came from Silesia. But there were also many from Bavaria and other parts of Germany, as well as some from abroad (England, Hungary, Lithuania and Russia). The first and second part had separate pagination . The incomplete name index only referred to the second part.

To distinguish it from the partial copies, the original was usually referred to as the "Big Book". Johann Sinapius called it the "old, mostly Silesian heraldic beech de Anno 1578".

Partial copies

Berlin book

The book shows 986 (71 of them double) colored coats of arms on 188 sheets in folio format. It was offered in 1906 for 1200 gold marks by the Leipzig auction house Karl Wilhelm Hiersemann , sold in the 1960s by the Stockholm auction house Sandberg for 3600 dollars and was finally owned by the London auction house Martin Breslauer , from where the Berlin State Library (department Historical prints, signature 177 280 R).

Wroclaw Book I

The originally only individual coat of arms sheets were initially owned by Christoph Heinrich von Gfug on Kosemitz in the Nimptsch district . After his death in 1721 it was acquired by the Protestant pastor Christian Ezechiel from Peterwitz in the Trebnitz district , who increased the originally existing 782 coats of arms by 67, rearranged the pages and provided a register from the Big Book. The collection came to the St. Elisabeth Library in Wroclaw around 1784, to the Wroclaw City Library in the 19th century (shelf number R 567), and after the Second World War it came to the now Polish University Library of Wroclaw .

Wroclaw Book II

This book with 799 coats of arms (755 printed in woodcut and 44 subsequent pen drawings) was acquired in 1815 by the Wroclaw City Councilor Christian Friedrich Paritius, later came into the holdings of the Wroclaw City Library (call number R 2813) and is now in the now Polish University Library in Wroclaw.

Fürstenstein book

The quarto-format book contained 189 almost all of the painted coats of arms, some of which were only drawn in around 1610. It was in the library (shelf mark Hist. Univers. Q 454) at Schloss Fürstenstein , Waldenburg district in Lower Silesia until 1945 and has been lost since then.

Göttingen book

This quarto work with 362 coats of arms was owned by Johann Wilhelm Hoppe before it was added to the holdings of the Göttingen University Library in the middle of the 19th century (old signature: HG 250; new: 8 ° Hist. Sil. 450 Rara) got. "Wopen Buc 1592" is written on the leather strap.

Nuremberg Book

This incomplete copy from 1578, the first 22 sheets with the letters A to Bi are missing, belonged to Ferdinand Freiherr von Hofmann from Styria, and was then part of the collection of Baron Ferdinand v. Neufforge, finally came to Nuremberg (library of the Germanisches Nationalmuseum , call number N 619) and includes around 820 coats of arms.

Seydlitz Book of Arms

Wolff Erdmann von Seydlitz and Gellendorf, first canon in Merseburg , later landlord on Leipe and Schweinern in the district of Breslau , owned a copy of Scharffenberg in the 1750s with 728 coats of arms, four on each sheet, about whose whereabouts nothing is known.

Viennese book

This copy has been in Vienna since at least 1736 ( Austrian National Library , call number 49. P. 24), shows 800 coats of arms on 172 sheets in the shortened folio format (205 × 300 mm).

Emphasis

800 coats of arms from the Wiener Buch and 25 from the Göttingen were reissued by Verlag Degner: Hans v. Mosch (arrangement): Scharffenberg Crispin. Silesian Book of Arms. Neustadt an der Aisch 1984.

literature

  • Ludwig Biewer: The copy of the Silesian Wappenbuch by Crispin and Johann Scharffenberg in the State Library of Prussian Cultural Heritage in Berlin . In: The Herald. Quarterly Heraldry, Genealogy, and Allied Sciences . No. 28 , 1985, pp. 163-164 .
  • Ludwig Igáli-Igálffy: The Scharffenbergsche Wappenbuch, the Codex Saurma and their relationship to other heraldic books of the time . In: Herold-Jahrbuch NF No. 2 , 1997, p. 50-70 .
  • Hermann Luchs: Visual artists in Silesia, by name and monograms . In: Journal of the Association for History and Antiquity of Silesia . No. 5 , 1863, p. 1-56 .
  • Hermann Luchs: Six unedited Silesian heraldic books . In: The German Herald. Journal of Heraldry, Sphragistics and Genealogy . No. 16 , 1885, p. 59-62 .
  • Hans von Mosch: Scharffenberg Crispin. Silesian Book of Arms . Neustadt an der Aisch 1984.
  • Alfred Schellenberg: The Silesian heraldic books . In: The kin researcher . No. 2 , 1938, p. 60-64 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Crispin Scharffenberg in the German Biography ; Marta Burbianka: Produkcja typograficzna Scharffenbergów we Wrocławiu (=  Śla ̧ skie prace bibliograficzne i bibliotekoznawcze . No. 12 ). Wroclaw 1968.
  2. ↑ Hermann Luchs: Mottos from the so-called Silesian heraldic book from around 1575 in the Breslau city library . In: Silesia's prehistory in pictures and writing . tape 4 . Breslau 1882 (51st report, pp. 129-134 online and 57th report, pp. 233-235 online ).
  3. ↑ Biewer, pp. 163-164.
  4. ↑ See Hermann Markgraf: Christian Ezechiels Leben und Schriften . In: Journal of the Association for History and Antiquity of Silesia . No. 12 , 1874, p. 163-194 ( org.pl ).
  5. ↑ Mosch, pp. 23-25; Luchs: Wappenbücher, pp. 60–61; see. Johann David Raschke: The taking day of Saint Johanis the Baptist […] In: Breßlauisches Jubel-Gedächtnüß The printing art invented three hundred years ago […] Breslau 1740, p. 50-51 ( polona.pl ).
  6. ↑ Mosch, p. 30.
  7. ↑ Luchs: Wappenbücher, p. 61; Mosch, pp. 28-29.
  8. ↑ Luchs: Wappenbücher, p. 61; Mosch, p. 28.
  9. ↑ Mosch, p. 32; Schellenberg, pp. 63-64.
  10. ↑ Mosch, pp. 30-32; see. in addition the name index: Kurt Wendler: Schlesische Wappenbücher . In: East German family studies . No. 27 , 1979, pp. 353-359 .

Web links

Online editions