Shield water crowfoot

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Shield water crowfoot
Shield water buttercup (Ranunculus peltatus subsp. Peltatus), with floating leaves

Shield water buttercup
( Ranunculus peltatus subsp. Peltatus ), with floating leaves

Systematics
Order : Buttercups (Ranunculales)
Family : Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae)
Subfamily : Ranunculoideae
Tribe : Ranunculeae
Genre : Buttercup ( Ranunculus )
Type : Shield water crowfoot
Scientific name
Ranunculus peltatus
closet

The shield water crowfoot ( Ranunculus peltatus ) is a species of the genus buttercup ( Ranunculus ) within the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It occurs as an aquatic plant in moderately nutrient-rich waters (for the species group of the white-flowering water cockfoot, see for example also common water cockfoot ). It occurs mainly in coastal areas in Europe and North Africa.

description

illustration
Stems with diving leaves

Vegetative characteristics

The shield water crowfoot is an herbaceous plant . There is heterophyllia . The submersed leaves of the shield water cockfoot are divided into hairs, while the floating leaves are three- to seven-lobed and kidney-shaped. The stipules are obovate and are more than 3/4 fused with the petiole.

Generative characteristics

The flower stalks are more than 5 cm long at the flowering time and significantly longer than the opposite leaf stalk. The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry . The protruding, sloping sepals are about 3 to 6 mm long. The approximately 6 to 15 mm long, white petals cover each other and have characteristic pear ( Ranunculus peltatus subsp. Peltatus ) or crescent-shaped ( Ranunculus peltatus subsp. Baudotii ) nectar glands.

The shield water crowfoot is diploid to hexaploid ; their chromosome number is 2n = 16, 32 or 48.

Occurrence

The area of the plate faucet foot extends north to Scotland , central Sweden and Finland; eastwards to the Volga region ; south to North Africa . It is almost entirely absent in Eastern Europe.

The main focus of the spread is in the coastal areas. The shield water crowfoot inhabits shallow, standing or slowly flowing, meso- to eutrophic waters. It is a character species of Ranunculetum peltati from the association Nymphaeion, but also occurs in societies of the association Ranuncuilion fluitantis.

Subspecies

In Europe there are three or four subspecies:

  • Brackish buttercup ( Ranunculus peltatus subsp. Baudotii (Godron) Meikle ex CDK Cook ; Syn .: Ranunculus baudotii Godron ), occurs in Europe in the south and west, especially in coastal areas and avoids the east; this subspecies is tetraploid with the chromosome number 2n = 32. It is a character species of Ranunculetum baudotii.
  • Ranunculus peltatus subsp. fucoides (Freyn) Muñoz Garmendia (Syn .: Ranunculus fucoides Freyn ; Ranunculus saniculifolius Viv .; Ranunculus aquatilis subsp. saniculifolius (Viv.) O. Bolòs & Vigo ), occurs in Europe only in the south; this subspecies is diploid with chromosome number 2n = 16
  • True shield water crowfoot ( Ranunculus peltatus subsp. Peltatus ), occurs in Europe in the south, west and north, especially in the coastal areas; the subspecies is diploid, tetraploid or hexaploid with chromosome numbers 2n = 16, 32 or 48
  • Ranunculus peltatus subsp. sphaerospermus (Boiss. & Blanche) Meikle (Syn .: Ranunculus sphaerospermus Boiss. & Blanche ), occurs on the Balkan Peninsula, in Western Asia and North Africa.

literature

  • Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Excursion flora from Germany . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 10th edited edition. tape 4 : Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Elsevier, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich / Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae. Volume 8 (Nymphaeaceae to Ranunculaceae). Pages 211-215, Helsinki 1989. ISBN 951-9108-07-6
  2. ^ Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (ed.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 1: General Part, Special Part (Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta): Lycopodiaceae to Plumbaginaceae. 2nd, supplemented edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3322-9 . Pages 301-303.
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 418.
  4. ↑ Werner Greuter , HM Burdet, G. Long: MED Checklist. Volume 4, page 421, Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques, Genève 1989. ISBN 2-8277-0154-5

Web links

Commons : Shield water crowfoot ( Ranunculus peltatus )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files