Battle of Dachau

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The Battle of Dachau on October 5, 1648 was the last major military confrontation of the Thirty Years' War .

procedure

The imperial- Bavarian troops under the command of General Field Marshal Piccolomini defeated the French-Swedish troops, which were located near Munich (between today's Munich districts of Nymphenburg and Allach ).

Piccolomini was informed of the presence of the enemy regiments early on and moved northwards from Munich along the road to Dachau . The Imperial Bavarian cavalry was divided into three units: the general of the cavalry Johann von Werth roamed the area to the left of the street, while the field marshal Freiherr von Reuschenberg and his units moved forward directly on the street. The area to the right of the street was secured on the one hand by the imperial field marshal Count Montecuccoli and on the other hand by the Bavarian field marshal Enkevort . Piccolomini himself followed with the Bavarian cavalry and infantry. The reports on the formation of the troops are partly inconsistent. However, all reporters agree that Werth was moving forward to the left of the road.

The reason for the presence of the 15 French-Swedish regiments on horseback and 600 men on foot seems to have been a large-scale hunt in the woods between Dachau and Munich, as the regiments were also accompanied by hunters and dogs. The imperial Bavarian cavalry succeeded not far from the village of Feldmoching to surprise the enemy and drive them back to Dachau. The Swedish Commander-in-Chief Wrangel was able to save himself on foot through the marshy area of ​​the Dachauer Moos to Dachau. The remaining troops evacuated the city the next day.

Enkevort later reports that 200 men were killed, several hundred captured, and over 1000 horses "ruined". In contrast, the official specification only reports 94 prisoners.

literature

  • Selected writings of Prince Raimund Montecuccoli, Lieutenant General and Field Marshal, ed. v. Alois Veltzé: Vol. 3, Vienna and Leipzig, 1900, p. 71 f.
  • Riezler, Sigmund von: Geschichte Bayerns, Vol. 5: 1597 to 1651 (History of the European States 20), Gotha 1903, p. 643 f.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Barthold, Friedrich Wilhelm: History of the Great German War from the death of Gustav Adolf with special consideration for France, Part 2, Stuttgart 1843, p. 627.
  2. Lahrkamp, Helmut Jan von Werth. His life according to archival sources, Cologne 1962, p. 200.