Jauer Castle
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The Jauer Castle ( Polish: Zamek Piastowski w Jaworze - Piastenschloss in Jauer ) is located in Jawor ( Jauer ) in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. It is located in the southwest of the city and is one of the few preserved city castles in Silesia .
history
The castle, first mentioned in 1234, then belonged to the Duchy of Liegnitz and was initially the seat of a governor . It was built to secure the river crossing over the Wütende Neisse , over which the road connection from Liegnitz via Jauer, Bolkenhain and Landeshut to Bohemia ran.
After the division of the Duchy of Liegnitz in 1278, Jauer Castle became the residence of the Duchy of Jauer . After the death of Duke Heinrich I in 1346, the castle and duchy of Jauer inherited his nephew Bolko II von Schweidnitz , who died in 1368. According to his will, his widow Agnes von Habsburg was entitled to a usufruct for the united duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer until the end of her life († 1392) . Heiress was to be Duke Bolkos II's niece, the Bohemian Queen Anna von Schweidnitz . Since she had died in 1362, the Duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer legally inherited to Anna's son Wenzel . He designated Jauer Castle as the residence of the royal governors of the hereditary principality of Schweidnitz-Jauer.
After the transition of Silesia to Prussia in 1742, the office of governor fell away. From 1746 Schloss Jauer was used as a labor, breeding and madhouse, and from 1888 as a women's prison. After the transition of Silesia to Poland in 1945, the castle was used for a purpose other than intended.
Building
With the first extensive expansion of the castle at the end of the 13th century, a west wing was built on the inside of the defensive wall . In the middle of the 14th century the castle was enlarged by Duke Bolko II. In 1408 King Wenceslas ordered the construction of the west wing. After 1510, the system was expanded for a contemporary defense, of which a semicircular bastion has been preserved. From 1552–1568 there was a partial renovation in the Renaissance style . The construction of the castle tower, which began at that time, was only completed after the reconstruction after the destruction of the Thirty Years War .
literature
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , pp. 206-210
- Georg Dehio (greeting): Ernst Badstübner (ed.): Silesia. ( Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland ) . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich et al. 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , p. 383f.
- Arne Franke (Hrsg.): Small cultural history of the Silesian castles . tape 1 . Bergstadtverlag Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn, 2015, p. 62 .
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 2 ′ 59.5 " N , 16 ° 11 ′ 26.7" E