Neuchâtel Castle (Switzerland)
| Neuchâtel Castle | ||
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 Neuchâtel Castle and Neuchâtel Collegiate Church |
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| Alternative name (s): | Château de Neuchâtel | |
| Conservation status: | Receive | |
| Place: | Neuchâtel | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 59 '32.2 " N , 6 ° 55' 37.1" E | |
| Height: | 450 m above sea level M. | |
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The Neuchâtel Castle , French Château de Neuchâtel , is a castle in the city of Neuchâtel , Canton of Neuchâtel , Switzerland .
Surname
In the 12th century the complex was mentioned as Novum Castellum and later as Novum Castrum ("New Castle"); in the Greek of the scholars of the 16th century it was called Neocomum and in Old French or Old French Provençal Nuefchastel, Neufchastel or Neufchatel, from which Neuchâtel eventually developed. From the 18th century, the now extensive palace complex became the Château de Neuchâtel .
Called Nienburg, Nuvenburch or Nuewenburg in German sources from the Middle Ages , it becomes Neuchâtel in New High German .
location
The castle is located on a rocky promontory between Lake Neuchâtel and the Seyon River (now overturned ) high above the city that grew up around the castle. Next to it is the Neuchâtel collegiate church .
history
The castle was a residence of the Kingdom of Burgundy . In 1011 King Rudolf III handed over the von Burgundy gave his wife Irmingard the Novum Castellum as a gift. After the Burgundians, the castle and town became the property of the Counts of Fenis in 1033, who were related to the Burgundians and produced important men, such as Cuno of Fenis , after 1047 the Counts of Neuchâtel and remained so until they died out in the male line in 1373 Counts of Freiburg , then in 1457 the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg (also known as Hochberg). Margrave Philipp was inherited by his daughter Johanna , who married Ludwig von Orléans in 1504 and brought the county of Neuchâtel to the House of Orléans-Longueville . This Capetian branch line could not stop the Reformation when it was introduced by Guillaume Farel . Marie de Bourbon united the county of Neuchâtel and the rule of Valangin at the end of the 16th century.
In 1707 the Neuchâtel offered their principality to King Friedrich I of Prussia ; In 1806 Prussia ceded the city to Napoleon , who in turn gave it to his Marshal Louis-Alexandre Berthier . On September 12, 1814, Neuchâtel became the 21st canton of the Confederation, but at the same time remained a Prussian principality until March 1, 1848, when it broke away from Prussia and adopted its own constitution. Ludwig, Count of Pourtalès (born May 14, 1773), founder of the Pourtalès-Sandoz line, was President and Councilor of State in the Principality of Neuchâtel and Chief Inspector of the Swiss Artillery, he died on May 8, 1848. His eldest son, Count Ludwig August von Pourtalès (1796–1870), was a Prussian extraordinary councilor and lieutenant colonel in the artillery in the Principality of Neuchâtel. He attacked the castle with the Regiment de Meuron on September 3, 1856 to restore the royal government, but failed, escaped across the lake, but was arrested on Freiburg territory. After Prussia renounced his sovereignty rights in Neuchâtel, he was released again.
The Neuchâtel republicans of Le Locle , La Chaux-de-Fonds , Val-de-Travers and La Béroche, under the command of Fritz Courvoisier , conquered the castle and set up an initially provisional government chaired by Alexis-Marie Piaget . After that, the castle became the seat of government of the Canton of Neuchâtel.
investment
The castle and the fortifications go back to the 10th century. Older components are located on the donjon and on the prison tower. The tower de Diesse dates back to the 12th century and was renovated in 1715. In the 19th century the castle was redesigned and restored from 1905 to 1934. The Romanesque south wing with its richly decorated facade is remarkable . Inside are the Salle Marie de Savoie and the Salle des Etats with heraldic paintings from the 17th century. The Romanesque-Gothic collegiate church Notre-Dame with a cloister and a cenotaph (begun in 1373) of the Counts of Neuchâtel stands next to the castle on the castle hill . The castle can be visited on guided tours.
literature
- Niklaus Flüeler (Ed.): Culture guide Switzerland in color. Bookplate, 1982.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Das Schloss ( Memento of the original from October 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Neuchâtel website. Retrieved October 30, 201
