Seerhausen Castle
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Seerhausen Castle was the seat of the manor owners and fiefdoms of Seerhausen . It was blown up on March 23, 1949.
history
Seerhausen Castle is said to have been over a thousand years old. The oldest part was the tower, probably a defensive tower, which the wall thickness of three meters suggests. Over time, a square building with an open inner courtyard was created through additions.
The first mention of Seerhausen in 1170 (Reinhardus de Serusne, document book of the Hochstift Naumburg I) suggests that a fortified castle was built in Seerhausen after Henry I's victory over the Daleminzians at Gana Castle to guard the crossing over the Jahna .
According to Reinhardus de Serusne, a Ullrich von Seruse is mentioned in 1221, after which the castle and manor Seerhausen remain in the von Schleinitz family until 1728 . The last Schleinitz castle owner was Johanne Charlotte von Schleinitz, wife of Christoph Dietrich Bose the Younger . Bose had the Seerhausen Castle Park laid out, as evidenced by a crack from 1696. He also bought a sculpture by Balthasar Permoser , the "Chronos", which is now in the palace in the Great Garden in Dresden. The famous Hubertusburg Minister of Peace, Thomas Freiherr von Fritsch , bought the Seerhausen castle and manor in 1729. He had the palace park redesigned in the baroque style.
His great-grandson Carl Friedrich Christian Wilhelm Paul Freiherr von Fritsch had the palace completely redesigned by the architect Rudolf Heinrich Burnitz . Externally, the conversion could be recognized by the demolition of the tower in the middle of the east side of the castle and its new construction at the southeast end as well as the new (mansard) roof. The moat surrounding the castle and the southern mirror moat were filled. Inside, the entire castle was made more homely. The old tower clock had two bells, one of which was cast in 1556 by Wolfgang Hilliger in Freiberg and the other in 1754 by Johann Gottfried Weinhold in Dresden. The clock was replaced in 1874 by a new one from M. Bassler from Lommatzsch.
In the last days of April 1945, Seerhausen Castle was hit by two shells from Russian artillery. The damage was not serious, but the glass roof over the formerly open inner courtyard was destroyed, so that the art treasures located there suffered considerable damage. Due to the land reform in the Soviet Zone in September 1945, the castle and the manor were expropriated. On September 25, 1945, the lord of the castle Hugo Freiherr von Fritsch was informed of the expropriation. On October 22, 1945, he was arrested together with his stepdaughter Renata von Herwarth and his brother Carlo von Fritsch and deported to the island of Rügen. In October 1945, State Museum Manager Walter Hentschel was in the castle to secure the valuable holdings for the castle salvage commission. On February 2, 1946, the castle was literally looted by the residents. What was left of art objects, furniture or books was brought to Dresden by the castle salvage commission. The works of art brought to Dresden on February 6 and 10, 1946 included the valuable library with more than 3000 volumes as well as pictures by Anton Graff , Scheenau and Tischbein the Elder . The castle and family archive (11 meters running files) was also removed and is now in the Leipzig State Archive. After that, resettlers and homeless people from Seerhausen moved into the castle. Following the adoption of the 209 command of SMAD Castle Seerhausen counted from the beginning to the termination candidate. The people housed there had to leave their rooms again in early 1948. Everything useful such as doors, windows, parquet or roof slate was removed and the castle was blown up on March 23, 1949. After a few building materials for new farmers had been extracted from the rubble, the remainder of the heap of rubble lay in the park by the late 1970s. Only then was most of the rubble taken to a landfill in Glaubitz and the rest pushed into a heap, covered with earth and planted with greenery. Today the Friends of Seerhausen and the Stauchitz community are involved in various projects to keep the castle hill and park in a state that is well worth seeing for visitors.
Cultural and historical significance
Von Schleinitz (until 1729) and then von Fritsch were all top-class civil servants in Saxon and Saxon-Weimar politics and therefore also very wealthy. Seerhausen was an old manor and the manor owner was a representative in the Saxon state parliament . Seerhausen Castle was full of art objects, as Cornelius Gurlitt describes the abundance of valuable paintings and sculptures. The looting of the Soviets at the end of the Second World War, the residents after the Soviets withdrew and also the communists in the course of the land reform ensured that the art treasures from Seerhausen were distributed partly to Russia, partly in private living rooms and partly in the treasuries of the Saxon state were. Much of it can no longer be found today.
Five volumes of files in the castle archive with 256 historically valuable letters to Jakob Friedrich von Fritsch and Karl Wilhelm von Fritsch , including 25 from Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and others from Christoph Martin Wieland , Johann Gottfried Herder , Alexander von Humboldt , Carl Bertuch , Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland , the Grand Duchess Maria Pawlowna and other Weimar poets and personalities who had disappeared in 1945 were acquired by the Saxon State Archives at the end of 2011 from a community of heirs.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Gutsarchiv Seerhausen, StA Leipzig .
- ^ Förderverein Seerhausen e. V.
- ↑ Müller, Chronicle of Parochie Bloßwitz.
- ↑ Well-known lords of the castle on Seerhausen. (No longer available online.) In: Seerhausen.de. Archived from the original on December 23, 2016 ; Retrieved May 8, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Hans August Nienborg , o. T. (survey plan of the manor Seerhausen), Oct. 1696, ink drawing on paper, trimmed and foiled, H 39 × W 39 cm, SächsHStA , Risssammlung, cabinet VIII., Compartment I, no. 39c.
- ^ StA Leipzig, district administration Oschatz, 665, p. 13.
- ^ StA Leipzig, district administration Oschatz, 665, p. 21.
- ^ Report by Walter Hentschel, October 10, 1945, family archive of Burkhard von Fritsch-Seerhausen
- ^ Report by M. Engler, February 10, 1946, family archive of Burkhard von Fritsch-Seerhausen
- ↑ Castle salvage files, copy in the family archive of Burkhard von Fritsch-Seerhausen
- ↑ Tobias Ossyra: Sächsisches Staatsarchiv receives historically valuable letters - including 25 Goethe originals. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Leipziger Volkszeitung . December 14, 2011, accessed December 15, 2011.
Coordinates: 51 ° 16 ′ 4.5 ″ N , 13 ° 15 ′ 12.7 ″ E