Zossen Castle
The Castle Zossen (official name in the national monument list castle with main building, gatehouse, Rondell, ramparts, vaulted passage, stables and carriage house ) is a former Grade II listed castle in Zossen , a town in the district of Teltow-Fläming in the state of Brandenburg .
location
The federal highway 96 and state road 246 leading from the north to the southeast ring around the historic city center. From them the Berliner Straße branches off to the northeast. The Kirchstrasse runs from it in a north-westerly direction. The ensemble is located in the Zossen city park south of Kirchstrasse.
history
The palace complex was built in the 13th century on a small hill as a moated castle, presumably on a former Slavic rampart as a margravial-Meissen border fortress. Before 1349, Zossen belonged to the Torgau (Towgow) family, whose ownership had been confirmed by Charles IV . The castle was the center of the Zossen rule. In 1478 the von Torgau handed over the rule to a Georg von Stein and from there in 1490 to the Brandenburg margrave Johann Cicero for 16,000 Rhineland guilders . He had Zossen administered by official governors. In 1536, Zossen became the property of Eustachius von Schlieben , who expanded the castle into a fortress. The bastion , for example, consisted of two battlements on top of each other, which were secured with massive wooden beams. Around 1600 a two-storey plastered building was built, which was called "Haus Zossen".
In the Thirty Years' War , the Swedes captured the castle in 1641. In 1755 the medieval was keep under the bailiff Gerresheim due to disrepair down to half the original amount removed. For many years prisoners were locked in its lower floors. From the years 1768 to 1874 still existing documents show numerous renovations, including an extension to the office building. They went back to the bailiff Huber, who had the ramparts and the fortress walls razed and the moat filled in. This created a meadow that served as a palace park in the 21st century.
In 1811 the castle was used as an estate and came into the possession of the Countess von Mellin. She sold it three years later to Carl (Samuel) Geißler, who in turn sold it to Ferdinand Ludwig Magnus in 1841. During this time the castle complex was converted into a castle park in 1857. Via the Eichhorn family (1872), the castle came to the Beußel family in 1879, who held it until the end of the Second World War . Around 1920 they had the building changed considerably. The left risalit was redesigned in the neo-renaissance style, a porch spanned the now central entrance and stucco ceilings in the style of neo-baroque and expressionism were installed in the interior . The garden side, however, remained unadorned.
During the GDR era , the castle was used as a vocational school in the 1950s and later as the seat of the district administration of the Zossen district. During this time, the left side wing was expanded to include modern extensions. In 1956 the city park was created. After the fall of the Wall , the authorities moved out and the building has been used as an office and commercial building since then.
Building description
The exact extent of the plant, according to Hiltrud and Carsten Preuss, is still not known. During archaeological excavations in the 1980s on the market square, stove tiles of art historical value were found. The Reformation tiles could come from Zossen Castle and show an image program. They could have been used as filling material when building a building on the market square. Further investigations in Kirchstrasse revealed that there might have been an outer bailey at an earlier time. An underground passage from the castle cellar to the Notte was also exposed.
The core of the complex was the Zossen house, which was probably built at the end of the 16th century. An inventory list from 1698 shows that the building was made of masonry and had seven cellar vaults. It had an H-shaped floor plan with short side wings. From a city view from 1710 it is known that the building had several gables and seven chimneys. However, according to Hiltrud and Carsten Preuss, it could also be an idealized representation. The barrel-vaulted cellar and individual ridge-vaulted rooms from the former ground floor, including a hall with star vaults, have been preserved in the 21st century. In the north-western area, the wing was lengthened by modern extensions. On the south-eastern side wing there is a sundial made of sandstone with the year 1824 and the letters CG for the builder Carl Geisler.
The system also includes a roundabout shaped like a semicircle. A gatehouse is also still there, but, according to the Brandenburg State Office for the Preservation of Monuments and State Archaeological Museum (BLDAM) , it has been "disfigured" by modern plastering . It marked the transition from the courtyard to the former fortification.
literature
- Georg Dehio (arr. Gerhard Vinken et al.): Handbook of German Art Monuments - Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 .
- Hiltrud and Carsten Preuß: The manor houses and manor houses in the Teltow-Fläming district. Lukas Verlag für Kunst- und Geistesgeschichte, 1st edition, November 29, 2011, ISBN 978-3-86732-100-6 , p. 244
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 12 '58.3 " N , 13 ° 26" 44.5 " E