Narrow-leaved hollow tooth
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Narrow-leaved hollow tooth ( Galeopsis angustifolia ) |
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| Honor ex Hoffm. |
The narrow-leaved hollow tooth ( Galeopsis angustifolia ) is a species of the mint family (Lamiaceae). It blooms from June to October.
Appearance
The annual or biennial herbaceous plant reaches a stature height of 10 to 40 cm. The stem is upright and usually has very long branches. It is coarse, often red and mostly downy or hairy with weak glands. The leaves - especially the bracts - are often linear, usually only 2 to 5 mm, in broad-leaved varieties also up to 15 mm wide and gradually narrowing into the very short petiole. They are very shallowly notched (0 to 4 teeth on each side) and usually lightly hairy. The flowers are dense in more or less distant glow whisk . The calyx is hairy close-fitting and downy. The crown is purple, about two inches long and about three times as long as the calyx. The lower lip has a yellow spot with a purple grid pattern and in the throat on each side a more or less upright, hollow hump, indented from below. The narrow-leaved hollow tooth blooms from June to October.
The nuts are approx. 2.5 mm long.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
distribution
Location requirements
The narrow-leaved hollow tooth grows in weed debris, on scree slopes, on railway embankments, in fields and also on pastures. It usually prefers warm, dry, more or less lime-rich, mostly low in humus or low in fine earth, loose rock rubble soils (lime, porphyry, basalt) or gravel soils. It is a character species of the Galeopsietum angustifoliae from the association Stipion calamagrostis.
General distribution
Galeopsis angustifolia occurs in Spain, France, Italy, Germany, Great Britain, Denmark, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, the Czech Republic, Poland, Yugoslavia, Romania and Bulgaria. It used to be seen in Morocco; in Ireland and Sweden it is a neophyte. It is a sub-Mediterranean-praealpine floral element. In Austria and Switzerland, the species can be found widely dispersed.
Distribution in Germany
The narrow-leaved hollow tooth is quite common in the calcareous areas of the central and southern area. Occurring less frequently and often inconsistently in the north. In some areas, such as in the Allgäu, it occurs particularly on the gravel of the railway tracks and has become a typical railway plant.
Systematics
The narrow-leaved hollow tooth is also referred to by some authors as a subspecies. angustifolia (Ehrh. ex Hoffm.) Gaudin placed on the broad-leaved hollow tooth ( Galeopsis ladanum L. ). It is very rich in shape and partly connected to the broad-leaved hollow tooth ( Galeopsis ladanum ) by transitions .
ecology
The narrow-leaved hollow tooth has roots over a meter deep. The fertilization occurs through insect or through self-pollination.
photos
The stem is hairy downwards.
The sepals are hairy adjacent and also have dark-headed glandular hairs.
The corolla tube often protrudes far from the cup.
The somewhat broader variety Galeopsis angustifolia var. Arenaria
The ovary breaks up into four partial fruits when ripe.
The sepals are covered with warty, matt hair.
literature
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
- August Binz , Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland , Schwabe & Co. AG, Basel, 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora , Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3
- Christian August Friedrich Garcke : Illustrierte Flora , 1972, Paul Parey publishing house, ISBN 3-489-68034-0
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 800-801 .
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Galeopsis angustifolia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 6, 2018.
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 393.
Web links
- Narrow-leaved hollow tooth. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Narrow-leaved hollow tooth . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Galeopsis angustifolia Hoffm. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved February 16, 2016.
- Global distribution
- Thomas Meyer: Hohlzahn data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
