Black-chested stalk bovist
| Black-chested stalk bovist | ||||||||||
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Black-chested Stielbovist ( Tulostoma melanocyclum ) |
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| Tulostoma melanocyclum | ||||||||||
| Bres. |
The Schwarzbehöfte Stielbovist ( Tulostoma melanocyclum ) is a type of mushroom from the mushroom relatives family , which is characterized by its dark halo at the spore opening.
features
Macroscopic features
Like all stem bovists, the Schwarzbehöfte stem bovist has a stalked fruiting body. The stalk, which is particularly covered at the apex with adjacent scales, is 23 to 35 (up to 50) mm long and 2 to 3 (up to 4) mm thick. It is brownish to reddish-brown and is often covered with grains of sand. The gleba is ocher in color. The spherical head is 7-11 mm wide, and has two sheaths, the outer exopperidia and the inner endoperidia. The former is made of hyphae and often binds grains of sand. The endoperidia forms the fruiting body, is spherical, somewhat compressed at the bottom with a torn collar-like zone at the base of the stem. It is cream-colored to pale straw-colored or slightly pink and has a fine scaby character. It has a short-cylindrical peristome with a characteristic black-brown halo, which gives the species its scientific and German name.
Microscopic features
The 4.5 to 6 (up to 7) micrometers wide, warty spores are spherical and brownish and thick-walled. The warts are 0.2 to 0.5 µm high. The scalp is hyaline , branched and septate . The sutures are thick-walled with a visible solid lumen and no or only slightly swollen septa.
ecology
The Schwarzbehöfte Stielbovist grows in gappy dry grass on calcareous subsoil. It often grows in dunes between mosses and herbaceous plants.
distribution
The mushroom, which is rare in Germany, is widespread in Central Asia and Europe (from Romania, northern Italy and France to Central England, the Netherlands and southern Sweden). It is particularly common in southern Europe. But it has also been found in North America and, with some uncertainty, in Asia and South America.
swell
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Pegler, DN; Laessoe, T .; Spooner, B .: British puffballs, earthstars and stinkhorns . tape 2 . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 1995, ISBN 978-0-947643-81-2 , pp. 225 ( accessed from mycobank on May 2, 2015 ).
- ↑ a b c d Jorge E. Wright: The Genus Tulostoma / Gasteromycetes: A World Monograph . In: Bibliotheca Mycologica . tape 2 . Lubrecht & Cramer Ltd, 1987, ISBN 3-443-59014-4 , pp. 338 ( accessed from mycobank on May 2, 2015 ).