Sebald Justinus Brugmans

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Sebald Justinus Brugmans

Sebald Justinus Brugmans (born March 24, 1763 in Franeker , † July 22, 1819 in Leiden ) was a Dutch botanist and medicin . Its botanical author abbreviation is " Brugmans ".

Live and act

Brugmans, the son of the Groningen professor Anton Brugmans , studied at the University of Groningen , where he first received his doctorate in philosophy ("Artium liberalium magister et Philosophiae doctor"), then graduated in medicine ( cum laude ) in 1785 . His medical work Dissertatio de puogenia, sive mediis quibus natura utitur in creando pure dealt with the origin of pus. In 1785 he became a professor of physics, astronomy, logic and metaphysics at Franeker University . In 1786 he followed David van Royen (1727–1799) as professor of botany at the University of Leiden . Brugmans was also director of the Hortus Botanicus Leiden. In 1786 he was elected a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . In 1791 he moved within the University of Leiden from the Philosophical Faculty to the Medical Faculty, which in 1795 was expanded to include responsibility for chemistry. In 1795 he was appointed professor of medicine in Leiden and was rector of the university in 1796/97 .

In 1794 the Netherlands became a refuge for retreating British and Hanoverian armies. Brugmans organized - with the support of doctors and medical students from the University of Leiden - the establishment of an emergency hospital outside the fortified city center. He repeated this in 1799 when British and Russian forces landed, and again in 1809 after the British navy bombed Vlissingen .

In 1795 he was appointed head of the Military Medical Service of the newly founded Batavian Republic . He impressed Louis Bonaparte , who later ruled the Kingdom of Holland from 1806 to 1810 , as well as his more famous brother Napoléon Bonaparte , the French emperor, with his high docility, which allowed him to act on his own instead of the French methods. Napoléon appointed Brugmans the seventh inspector-general of the Grande Army , but also left him in his position as permanent rector of the University of Leiden, which at the time was the only university in the Netherlands and was organizationally subordinate to the University of Paris.

The treatment of gangrene , better known as " gangrene ", by Brugmans in 1813 is one of his greatest merits. After Napoléon's defeat after his Russian campaign, Brugmans' options for action were limited until he was reinstated in his previous offices by William I , the first king of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . His office as Inspector-General of the Military Medical Service was expanded to include responsibility for the Navy and the Dutch colonies as well as for sanitary conditions in prisons and quarantine stations.

Brugmans held his offices until his death after a brief illness on July 22, 1819.

From 1808 he was a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1818 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .

In his honor, the scientific generic name of the angel's trumpet was named after Brugmans Brugmansia .

Fonts

  • Lithologia Groningana, iuxta ordinem Wallerii digesta . Groningae: Doekema & Muller, 1781 (Groningen, Univ., Phil. Diss., 1781).
  • Dissertatio de puogenia, sive mediis quibus natura utitur in creando pure . Groningen 1785.
  • De Homine ad statum gressumque erectum per corporis fabricam disposito / Sebaldo Justino Brugmans. [Resp .:] Gerardus Vrolik. Lugduni Batavorum: Abraham et Honkoop, 1795 (Leiden, Univ., Med. Diss., 14 Febr. 1795).
  • Pharmacopoeia Datava. Amsterdam, [sn], 1805.
  • Elenchus Plantarum quae in Horto Lugduno-Batavo coluntur. [Leyden, 1818].

literature

  • To Aftermath of Waterloo . In: International Review of the Red Cross . tape 51 , 1965, p. 330–333 (English, loc.gov [PDF]).
  • TW van Heiningen: The career of Sebald Justinus Brugmans (1763-1819) in the service of military health. In: Histoire des sciences médicales. Volume 38, Number 3, 2004 Jul-Sep, pp. 275-304, ISSN  0440-8888 . PMID 15617176 .
  • TW van Heiningen: Sebald Brugmans and hospital gangrene. In: Gewina. Volume 26, Number 4, 2003, pp. 216-233, ISSN  0928-303X . PMID 14971379 .
  • TW van Heiningen: The Correspondence of Sebald Justinus Brugmans (1763-1819). Dutch History of Science Web Center; Huygens Instituut, The Hague 2008, ISBN 978-90-8759-158-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 50.
  2. ↑ Member entry of Sebaldus Justinus Brugmans at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on December 21, 2016.
  3. ↑ Member entry of Sebald Justin Brugmans at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on November 30, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Brugmans, Sebald Justinus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch botanist and medic
DATE OF BIRTH March 24, 1763
PLACE OF BIRTH Franeker
DATE OF DEATH July 22, 1819
Place of death Suffer