Sebastian Mutschelle

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Sebastian Mutschelle (born January 18, 1749 in Allershausen , † November 28, 1800 in Baumkirchen ) was a Roman Catholic priest from Germany .

Life

Mutschelle, son of a miller, graduated from the Jesuit high school in Munich in 1765 (today Wilhelmsgymnasium Munich ), then entered this order in Landsberg as a novice and from 1770 worked as a teacher at the Munich Jesuit high school . After the order was abolished in 1773, Mutschelle continued his philosophical and theological studies in Ingolstadt. With his ordination in 1774 he was incardinated as a diocesan priest in the diocese of Freising .

After positions as parish administrator in Mattighofen (near Braunau ) and as a pilgrimage preacher in Altötting , Mutschelle was appointed canon and clergyman in Freising in 1779 , where he also took over the school commissioner. He ensured that popular education, which at that time was often in a bad state, was raised.

Sebastian Mutschelle represented a direction of Catholicism that, influenced by rationalism , placed more emphasis on the practical meaning of Christianity than on dogmatics and, a few decades later, found its most famous representative in Ignaz Heinrich Freiherr von Wessenberg . Therefore Mutschelle was attacked by many of his fellow officials and slandered as a free spirit, so that he gave up his job. He devoted himself to studying Kant's philosophy and was active as a writer. When Maximilian Prokop von Toerring-Jettenbach became bishop in Freising in 1788 , Mutschelle was reinstated in his earlier positions in which he continued his work (e.g. the establishment of work schools) until he became pastor in Baumkirchen (today a part of Munich in 1793) in the Berg am Laim district). In 1799 he was appointed professor of moral theology and homiletics at the Lyceum in Munich, which was under the direction of Cajetan Weiller , and he retained the pastor's office.

He became known as a "Kantian" through his writings Ueber das morlich Gute (1788), Philosophical Thoughts and Treatises with Consideration for Critical Philosophy (1793-98) and Critical Contributions to Metaphysics in an Examination of the Stattlerische Antikantischen (1795). The Prussian government, which intended to establish two chairs for Catholic theology in Königsberg, wanted to appoint Sebastian Mutschelle to one of the professorships. When he received the call in May 1800, he initially refused, but since he experienced new hostility (he was falsely denounced as the author of the anonymous text “New Heaven and New Earth”), he wanted negotiations with Prussia again tie in. Due to the disputes and hostility during the billeting in his parish during the French occupation, however, his health had suffered and he died of a stroke that same year. After his death, a collection was held to found a school in his memory in a newly developed settlement near Dachau.

Works

  • About the Moral Good (1788)
  • Philosophical Thoughts and Treatises with Consideration for Critical Philosophy (1793–98, four volumes)
  • Critical contributions to metaphysics in an examination of the Stattlerischen antikantischen (1795)

Other writings from the last years of his life are:

  • About Kantian Philosophy, 1st Issue: An attempt at a comprehensible presentation of the Kantian philosophy (1799, from Ign. Thanner up to a 12th issue, 1805, continued)
  • Moral theology (1800) as a basis for his lectures
  • a translation of the New Testament (1789), with special consideration of the moral demands
  • The story of Jesus with an instruction to read the Gospels with benefit and insight (1784),
  • Notes on the Sunday Gospels (1786)
  • Handbook of the Sunday Gospels (1791)
  • Conversations of a father with his sons about the basic truths of the Christian religion (1791, also translated into French in 1798)
  • Christian Catholic lessons (1792)

His sermons were later edited from his estate (1804 and 1813).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to the NDB, he died on January 28, 1800. On p. 64, however, Baader refers in detail to a time of death shortly after All Saints' Day in 1800.
  2. ^ Max Leitschuh: The matriculations of the upper classes of the Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich , 4 vol., Munich 1970–1976; Vol. 3, p. 196.
  3. ↑ Information largely according to ADB with additions according to Baader and NDB.
personal data
SURNAME Mutschelle, Sebastian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theologian
DATE OF BIRTH January 18, 1749
PLACE OF BIRTH Allershausen
DATE OF DEATH November 28, 1800
Place of death Munich