Secretin
| Secretin | ||
|---|---|---|
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 27 amino acids | |
| Precursor | Prosecretin (103 aa) | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene name | SCT | |
| External IDs | ||
| Occurrence | ||
| Parent taxon | Higher mammals | |
Secretin is a gastrointestinal peptide hormone . In humans, secretin stops the production of gastric acid and causes the pancreas to release secretions rich in sodium hydrogen carbonate. It belongs to the glucagon family of peptide hormones.
Its preliminary stage is the so-called prosecretin. It was the second hormone to be discovered after adrenaline . William Bayliss and Ernest Starling found out its function in experiments on digestion in 1902 and in 1905 defined the term "hormone" proposed by a colleague of the two scientists.
It is produced in S cells of the duodenum . The stimulus for secretion is a low pH (below 4.5) of the chyme in the duodenum. In frogs , it is produced by specific cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas .
Target organs and mode of action
Secretin
- leads to increased sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO 3 ) production in the pancreas , gall bladder and small intestine
- inhibits gastrin secretion in healthy people
- causes excessive gastrin secretion in gastrinoma (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome)
- leads to contraction of the gallbladder
- increases the production of mucins in the gastric mucosal cells and thus delays gastric emptying
- stimulates the release of insulin and somatostatin .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Homologues at OMA
- ↑ UniProt P09683
- ^ Otto Westphal , Theodor Wieland , Heinrich Huebschmann: life regulator. Of hormones, vitamins, ferments and other active ingredients. Societäts-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1941 (= Frankfurter Bücher. Research and Life. Volume 1), in particular pp. 9–35 ( History of hormone research ), here: pp. 19–21.
- ↑ John Henderson: Ernst Starling and 'hormones': an historical commentary . In: Journal of Endocrinology . 184, 2005, pp. 5-10. doi : 10.1677 / joe.1.06088 .
- ^ RS Heller: The comparative anatomy of islets. In: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology . Volume 654, 2010, pp. 21-37. doi : 10.1007 / 978-90-481-3271-3_2 . PMID 20217492 . (Review).
- ↑ Thompson, JC et al. (1972): Effect of secretin on circulating gastrin. In: Ann Surg. 176 (3): 384-393. PMC 1355412 (free full text)
- ↑ Ipp, E. et al. (1977): The effects of gastrin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, secretin, and the octapeptide of cholecystokinin upon immunoreactive somatostatin release by the perfused canine pancreas. In: J. Clin. Invest. 60 (5): 1216-1219. PMID 908761 , PMC 372476 (free full text)