Sempad of Armenia
Sempad of Armenia (also Smpad, Sambat, or Smbat, Armenian Սմբատ, * 1277 ; † 1308 ) was king of Lesser Armenia from 1296 to 1298 . He was a son of Leon III. and Keran (Kir Anna), daughter of Prince Hethum of Lambron and a member of the Hethumid dynasty .
Sempad took over in 1296 with the support of his brother Constantine III. power in the kingdom when both brothers Hethum II and Thoros III. were on a trip to Constantinople to Rita of Armenia, a sister of the four, with Michael IX. Palaiologos, the co-emperor of Andronikos II . Hethum II. And Thoros III. were captured on their return and taken to the fortress Partzerpert, where Sempad Hethum was partially blinded by cauterization .
On a trip to the court of Il-Khan Ghazan , Sempad obtained the recognition of his position as king by the Mongol ruler of Persia , which was necessary to legitimize his unlawful seizure of power. He received a bride from Ghazan, possibly a relative of the Il-Khan, to seal the alliance through marriage.
On Sempad's orders, Thoros III. von Oschin, Marshal of Armenia, strangled in the Partzerpert fortress on July 23, 1298.
The Egyptian Mamluks invaded Cilicia in 1297 . Constantine turned against Sempad and freed Hethum. He took power again in 1299 after his eyesight had improved again. Hethum exiled his two traitorous brothers in Constantinople . Sempad died in 1308 under mysterious circumstances while trying to retake Little Armenia. According to some sources, he died on board a Venetian ship between Cyprus and Cilicia, according to others, he arrived in Cilicia, was captured and then killed.
literature
- Thomas SR Boase (Ed.): The Cilician Kingdom of Armenia. Scottish Academic Press, Edinburgh 1978, ISBN 0-7073-0145-9 .
- Angus Donal Stewart: The Armenian Kingdom and the Mamluks. War and diplomacy during the reigns of Het'um II (1289-1307) (= The Medieval Mediterranean. 34). Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden et al. 2001, ISBN 90-04-12292-3 .
- Frédéric Luisetto: Arméniens & autres Chrétiens d'Orient sous la domination mongole. L'Ilkhanat de Ghâzân, 1295-1304. Geuthner, Paris 2007, ISBN 978-2-7053-3791-9 .
Web links
- The Genealogy of the Kings and Queens of Armenia-Cilicia (English)
- Foundation for Medieval Genealogy Kings of Armenia 1344-1373 (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Frederic Luisetto: Arméniens & autres Chrétien d'Orient sous la domination mongole. Paris 2007, p. 122.
- ↑ Lilian Herlands Hornstein: The Historical Background of the King of Tars. In: Speculum . Vol. 16, No. 4, 1941, pp. 404-414, here p. 414, doi : 10.2307 / 2852840 .
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Hethum II |
King of Lesser Armenia 1296–1298 |
Constantine III |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Sempad of Armenia |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Smpad; Sambat; Smbat |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | King of Lesser Armenia |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1277 |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1308 |