Siberian big-tooth shrew
| Siberian big-tooth shrew | ||||||||||||
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| Sorex daphaenodon | ||||||||||||
| Thomas , 1907 |
The Siberian big-tooth shrew ( Sorex daphaenodon ) is a species of shrew from the genus of the red -toothed shrew ( Sorex ). It occurs in parts of Kazakhstan , Russia (including the Sakhalin Island ) and Mongolia, as well as in the north of the People's Republic of China .
features
With a head-torso length of 4.8 to 7.6 centimeters, the Siberian large-toothed shrew is one of the medium-sized to large shrew species. The tail reaches a length of 25 to 39 millimeters - and is thus significantly shorter than the rest of the body - the rear foot is 10 to 13 millimeters. The fur on the back is dark brown and the underside a little lighter gray-brown; The back and stomach are separated by a fine dark line. The soles of the feet are dark brown.
| 1 | · | 5 | · | 1 | · | 3 | = 32 |
| 1 | · | 1 | · | 1 | · | 3 |
The skull has a total length of 17.5 to 18.5 millimeters and the length of the row of teeth in the upper jaw is 7.6 to 7.9 millimeters. As most species of the genus has the type in the maxilla per half an incisor (incisor) and then five unicuspid teeth, a Vorbackenzahn (premolar) and three molars (molar). In the lower jaw, however, it has a single canine behind the incisor. Overall, the animals have a set of 32 teeth. The tooth roots are colored red like in most red-toothed shrews, but the red pigment in this species is much more pronounced and darker than in other Sorex species and also reaches the base of the molars. The teeth are very massive and large compared to other shrews. From the sympatric living Lapland shrew ( Sorex caecutiens ), the Siberian large tooth Shrew differs mainly by the slightly larger phenomenon, tail length and the teeth.
The genome of the Siberian big-tooth shrew consists of a diploid chromosome set of 2n = 26-29 (FN = 46).
distribution
The distribution area of the Siberian great-toothed shrew covers a large area of northern Asia from the Urals to the Pacific Ocean . The species is found in parts of Kazakhstan , Russia including Sakhalin Island , Mongolia and the north of the People's Republic of China . In Mongolia, the species comes in the basins along the Orkhon and Selenga rivers to the northeastern Chentii Mountains and along the Cherlen through the eastern Chentii Mountains and the Halh steppe in the east of the country and the Mongol Daguur and the Ikh-Hyangan -Mountains in front. In China, the deposits are limited to the extreme north in the provinces of Heilongjiang , Nei Mongol and Jilin .
Way of life
The Siberian big-toothed shrew lives in most of its range in mixed forest areas as well as in pure coniferous forests, but it also occurs in steppe areas, tree-steppes and birch stands. In the Altai , the species lives sympatric with Sorex minutus , Sorex araneus , Sorex caecutiens and Crocidura sibirica .
Like all shrews, this species feeds on invertebrates, especially earthworms and insects and their larvae, as well as spiders and centipedes. The breeding season begins in late spring, males with enlarged testicles ready to mate appear from June to mid-September. Pregnant females can be found in the summer months from June to August and they give birth to four to nine, on average seven, young. From July these leave the parents' building.
The predators of the species mainly include birds of prey and smaller predators such as the fire weasel ( Mustela sibirica ), the ermine ( Mustela erminea ) or the sable (Martes zibellina). The lifespan of the shrew is 14 to 16 months.
Systematics
The Siberian big-tooth shrew is classified as an independent species within the genus of the red -toothed shrew ( Sorex ), which consists of around 80 species. The first scientific description comes from Thomas from 1907, who described an individual from the Russian island of Sakhalin , together with the type of Sorex gracillimus, which was also discovered there . Within the genus, the species is classified in the subgenus Sorex and assigned to the S. araneus group.
Within the species, in addition to the nominate form Sorex daphaenodon daphaenodon, with Sorex daphaenodon sanguinidens and Sorex daphaenodon scaloni, two further subspecies are distinguished. The former subspecies Sd orii is now assigned to Sorex caecutiens .
Threat and protection
Concrete population figures for the species are not known. In Mongolia, the population numbers and densities are lower than those of Sorex caecutiens . It is generally not common in Russia, but it is the most common species of shrew in some areas.
The Siberian big-tooth shrew is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) as least concern due to its relatively large distribution area and large populations as well as the absence of a threat to the population. In some areas, habitat destruction is caused by forest and clearing activities through impacts and forest fires.
literature
- Robert S. Hoffmann, Darrin Lunde: Large-Toothed Siberian Shrew. In: Andrew T. Smith , Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 2008, ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 , p. 316.
Web links
- Sorex daphaenodon inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: M. Stubbe, R. Samiya, J. Ariunbold, V. Buuveibaatar, S. Dorjderem, Ts. Monkhzul, M. Otgonbaatar, M. Tsogbadrakh, Gankhuyag, 2008. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c d e f g Robert S. Hoffmann, Darrin Lunde: Large-Toothed Siberian Shrew. In: Andrew T. Smith , Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 2008, ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 , p. 316.
- ↑ a b c d e Sorex daphaenodon ( Memento of the original from January 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Don E. Wilson , DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World. A taxonomic and geographic Reference. 2 volumes. 3. Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Sorex daphaenodon in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: M. Stubbe, R. Samiya, J. Ariunbold, V. Buuveibaatar, S. Dorjderem, Ts. Monkhzul, M. Otgonbaatar, M. Tsogbadrakh, Gankhuyag, 2008. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
