Volkspark settlement
The Volkspark settlement (also: English settlement ) is a settlement in the Raderthal district of Cologne , built in the years 1949–1951.
location
The settlement is located in the south of the city of Cologne in the outer green belt and integrates its old tree population. It is bounded in the south by the military ring road, in the west by the Brühler Strasse and in the north by the Urfelder Strasse, to the east by the rest of Raderthal's buildings or by green spaces. An extensive, largely curved network of streets and footpaths opens up the settlement area. Large front gardens with hedges separate the houses from the street. The settlement involves the already built in 1927, former Post House of WERAG (later WDR) tools.
In the center of the settlement area was the Volkspark created in the 1920s as an elongated rectangle from west to east. Its western part was built on with single-family houses, with a NAAFI shop in between; the latter no longer exists. The remainder of the park only rudimentary recognizable the former facility and was almost forgotten, but has been restored since 2001 and renamed the Fritz-Encke-Volkspark in 2002 in memory of the builder of numerous Cologne green and sports facilities . To the east of the park are further single-family houses as well as larger residential units and a church.
history
Housing was initially requisitioned for the British and Belgian occupiers stationed in Cologne since June 1945, as well as their relatives who had followed suit , for example in the little-damaged suburbs of Marienburg and Junkersdorf . Later, however, the Volkspark housing estate was rebuilt in a uniform design as part of two construction programs, the JOINT Program (1949/50) and the subsequent ZECO Program (Zone Executive Coordinating Office, 1950/51).
Their structure and appearance, but also details of the houses, e.g. B. open fireplaces were prescribed by the British occupying forces. The urban planning was carried out by the public authorities of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia and the City of Cologne, the Cologne Occupation Buildings Working Group and the Cologne GAG ; a number of well-known Cologne architects submitted type designs.
In 1967 Wilhelm Riphahn's residential tower (see below) received the Cologne Architecture Prize .
The Volkspark estate as a whole has been a listed building since 1995 . Today (2018) most of the single-family houses are privately owned, but the owner of the high-rise and the row buildings is still the federal government, represented by the Federal Real Estate Agency .
Development
The settlement consists on the one hand of 147 single-family houses, detached like villas or as a row or chain house , the houses inside the settlement were intended for officers (house types III, IV and V; see below) and those in the peripheral areas for NCOs (VI and VII). They are largely uniformly designed, mostly as two-story plastered buildings with a gable roof.
Opposite the single-family houses are four three -story , mirror-symmetrical row buildings with 12 apartments each and a seven-story high-rise apartment building with 73 apartments, which together with the church "All Saints" (All Saints Church) form the eastern end of the settlement.
The construction costs of the Volkspark housing estate in 1949 averaged 100,000 DM per residential unit, ten times as much as the social housing of the time.
| Architect (s) | House type | number | Living space | Plot area | Design | example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fritz Schaller | III | 14th | approx. 200 m² | approx. 2,400 m² | Two-storey single house with a pitched roof with a part of the building and a garage integrated into the roof pitch |
|
| Fritz Schaller | IV | 22nd | approx. 160 m² | approx. 2,000 m² | Same shape as Type III, only a little smaller |
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| Hans J. Lohmeyer | III | 14th | approx. 200 m² | approx. 2,400 m² | Two-story single house with a gable roof |
|
| Hans J. Lohmeyer | IV | 22nd | approx. 160 m² | approx. 2,000 m² | Same shape as Type III, only a little smaller | |
| Leonhard Schulze / Wilhelm Hesse | V | 46 | approx. 120 m² | approx. 1,600 m² | Two-story single house with a gable roof | |
| Franz Leisten | V | 46 | approx. 120 m² | approx. 1,600 m² | Two-story single house with a gable roof | |
| Theodor Kelter | VI | 10 | approx. 70 m² | approx. 1,200 m² | Two-story single house with a gable roof | |
| Theodor Kelter | VII | 20th | approx. 60 m² | approx. 800 m² | Two-story single house with a gable roof | |
| Hans Schilling | V | 46 | approx. 120 m² | approx. 1,600 m² | Two-story single house with a gable roof | |
| Walter Köngeter , Alfons Leitl | Two-storey terraced house with a pitched roof |
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| Bernhard Hermkes / Rudolf Lodders | 4th | Three-storey row building with a flat, hipped gable roof; on the outside like VI, only differs in terms of living space |
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| Wilhelm Riphahn | 1 | Seven-storey high-rise residential building in steel frame construction with flat roof |
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Historical and urban significance
The Volkspark settlement can be seen as an example of a suburban villa settlement which, thanks to uniform planning and simultaneous execution, should be unique in its closed structural form. With the same design and appearance features, a uniform, but never monotonous overall appearance of the settlement was achieved. The house types stand out from one another with their own distinctive character, including the types planned by Schaller with their “light” architecture.
Historically, the settlement documents a wide range of architecture from the 1950s. Particularly noteworthy is the residential high-rise planned by Riphahn, which, despite its number of floors, never gives the impression of rigidity due to the facade that is open to the west.
The urban development of the settlement is still excellent today. The lavish green (public as well as private) and the location in the green belt also go far beyond what is usual for a residential area. The settlement is well connected to the center via Bonner and Brühler Strasse.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Josef Rosenzweig: Between Judenbüchel and Sauacker . In the south of Cologne on Bonner and Brühler Strasse. Heimatverein Raderthal, 1980, p. 212-213 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Werner Heinen, Anne M. Pfeffer: Stadtspuren: Denkmäler in Köln . Ed .: City of Cologne. tape 10 Cologne: Settlements 1938-1988 . JP Bachem, Cologne 1988, ISBN 978-3-7616-0934-7 .
- ^ A b Settlement buildings for the occupying powers, Volkspark settlement (monument protection), Cologne-Raderthal . JRL Architects, formerly Dr. Schulze Dr. Hesse. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
- ↑ Awards 1967 . Cologne Architecture Prize eV. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
- ↑ Der Heidekaul / To the landlady . AG Heidekaul. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 53 ′ 44 ″ N , 6 ° 57 ′ 20 ″ E