Silver-headed broad-billed tyrant

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Silver-headed broad-billed tyrant
Silberkopf-Breitschnabel

Silberkopf-Breitschnabel

Systematics
Order : Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination : Screeching Birds (Tyranni)
Family : Tyrants (Tyrannidae)
Subfamily : Platyrinchinae
Genre : Platyrinchus
Type : Silver-headed broad-billed tyrant
Scientific name
Platyrinchus platyrhynchos
( Gmelin , 1788)

The Silberkopf-Breitschnabeltyrann ( Platyrinchus platyrhynchos ) is with a body length of 7.5 centimeters a smaller representative of the family of tyrants .

Appearance

The species has a thick, round head with a broad, short beak that is black in the upper part and white in the lower part. The neck is very short. The back plumage and the head are black. The belly is yellowish in color. The white chin area is particularly noticeable.

distribution and habitat

The silver-headed broad-billed tyrant is found in the rainforests of northern South America and the Amazon region. There, this species inhabits the forest floor and the lower levels of the jungle trees.

Way of life

The birds live together as pairs and roam the jungle in search of insects and spiders. When there is a lot of food, the birds form small groups.

Reproduction

To build a nest, the female uses tree ferns and other plant fibers, which she builds into a spherical nest with spider silk. The nest is created in the forks of higher trees, usually 1 to 2 meters above the forest floor. The female only lays 2 eggs, 2 days apart. The breeding business is done by the female alone. The male supports the young birds, which leave the nest after 2 weeks.

Danger

Due to its further distribution and since no endangerments are known for this species, the IUCN classifies this species as ( Least Concern ) not endangered.

Subspecies

There are four known subspecies:

  • Platyrinchus platyrhynchos platyrhynchos ( Gmelin, JF , 1788) - The nominate form occurs in eastern Colombia via Guyana to northern Brazil .
  • Platyrinchus platyrhynchos senex Sclater, PL & Salvin , 1880 - This subspecies occurs in eastern Ecuador , eastern Peru , northern Bolivia and the extreme west of Brazil .
  • Platyrinchus platyrhynchos nattereri Hartert & Hellmayr , 1902 - This subspecies is common in the south-central Amazon region of Brazil.
  • Platyrinchus platyrhynchos amazonicus von Berlepsch , 1912 - This subspecies occurs in the eastern Amazon region of Brazil.

Etymology and history of research

Johann Friedrich Gmelin described the silver-headed broad-billed tyrant as Todus [] platyrhynchos . In 1805 Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest introduced the new genus Platyrinchus for the silver-headed broad-beaked tyrant. This name is derived from the Greek words "platys"  πλατυς for "broad" and "rhynkhos"  ῥυγχος for "beak". The specific epithet has the same origin. The Latin »senex, senis« means »old person« and refers to the gray hair color of older people. "Amazonicus" refers to the Amazon region. »Nattereri« is a tribute to the Austrian natural scientist Johann Natterer .

Source

  • The great world empire of the animals. Planet Media AG, Zug 1992, ISBN 3-8247-8614-1 , pp. 306,307.
  • Christopher M. Perrins (Ed.): The FSVO encyclopedia birds of the world. Translated from the English by Einhard Bezzel. BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 2004, ISBN 978-3-405-16682-3 , pp. 424-428 (title of the English original edition: The New Encyclopedia Of Birds. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Hans Hermann Carl Ludwig von Berlepsch: Description of new bird forms from the area of ​​the lower Amazon . In: Ornithological monthly reports . tape 20 , no. 2 , 1912, pp. 17-21 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed April 12, 2016]).
  • Ernst Hartert, Carl Eduard Hellmayr: Mr. E. Harter read the following description of a new species of the family Tyrannidae, based upon specimen in Vienna Museum . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 12 , 1902, pp. 63-64 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed April 12, 2016]).
  • Philip Lutley Sclater, Osbert Salvin: On New Birds Collected by Mr. C. Buckley in Eastern Ecuador . In: Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London of the Year 1880 . 1880, p. 155–161 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed April 12, 2016]).
  • Johann Friedrich Gmelin: Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis . tape 1 , no. 1 . Georg Emanuel Beer, Leipzig 1788 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed April 12, 2016]).
  • Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest: Histoire naturelle des tangaras, des manakins et des todiers . Garnery, Paris 1805, doi : 10.5962 / bhl.title.61148 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ IOC World Bird List Tyrant flycatchers
  2. ↑ a b Johann Friedrich Gmelin, p. 446.
  3. ^ Philip Lutley Sclater et al. a., p. 156.
  4. ↑ Ernst Hartert u. a., p. 63.
  5. ↑ Hans Hermann Carl Ludwig von Berlepsch, p. 20.
  6. ↑ Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest, plate 72 & text (delivery 4 from 1805).
  7. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 309.
  8. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 354.
  9. ↑ Hans Hermann Carl Ludwig von Berlepsch, p. 17.
  10. ↑ Ernst Hartert u. a., p. 64.

Web links

Commons : Silberkopf-Breitschnabeltyrann ( Platyrinchus platyrhynchos )  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files