Solanum thelopodium
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Solanum thelopodium is in South America -based plants art from the genus Solanum ( Solanum ) in the family of the nightshade family (Solanaceae).
description
Vegetative characteristics
Solanum thelopodium is a 0.5 to 1 (rarely up to 2) m high, stick-like shrub with usually only one trunk . This trunk is hairless, dark brown and darkens as it dries. The root is a thick and woody taproot. The sympodial units consist of several internodes with just as many leaves . The leaf blades are 11 to 30 (rarely up to 45) cm long and 4.1 to 16 cm wide. They are ovate to elliptical, usually very thin and membranous and have twelve to 13 pairs of leaf veins extending from the leaf axis. Both sides are hairless or have only a few scattered papillae along the veins on the underside . The base is tapered to a point, towards the front they are suddenly pointed. The leaf stalks are (rarely only 0.6) 1 to 2.5 cm long.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescences are branched two or three times from a single point. They can be hairless or covered with papillae with short trichomes . The trichomes are shorter than 0.5 mm long, consist of a maximum of three cells and are never glandular. The peduncle is 2.5 to 5 cm long, the branches 0.5 to 4 cm. Only one flower is open per branch, but a total of up to 50 flowers per branch can be formed. Young buds are elliptical, later they become clearly pointed and are somewhat curved. The flower stalks are 5 to 6 mm long, hairless and nodding.
The calyx tube is conical to slightly flattened, 1 to 1.5 (rarely up to 2) mm long and covered with triangular to pointed-triangular or somewhat square, 0.5 to 1 mm long calyx tips. The calyx is hairless or finely papilose, the tips of the tips are covered with fine trichome tufts. The crown is usually a little purple or pink, occasionally white or greenish. It measures 1.5 to 2 cm in diameter and is lobed almost to the base. The corolla lobes are on one level during flowering, are 8 to 9 mm long, narrowly triangular and have a hood-shaped and papillary tip.
The stamens are three-shaped and partly fused to form a fine stamen tube with a length of 0 to 0.5 mm. The largest anthers are 5 to 7 mm long and 1 to 2 mm, the associated filament is 2 to 2.5 mm long. The medium-sized pair of stamens has anthers 3.5 to 4.5 mm long and 1 to 1.5 mm wide, the stamen is 0.5 to 1 mm long. In the small pair of stamens, the anthers reach lengths of 2.5 to 4 mm and a width of 1 to 1.5 mm, the stamens here are 1 to 1.5 mm long. The ovary is conical, hairless, and gradually winged towards the stigma . The scar itself is flattened, head-shaped.
Fruits and seeds
On the fruit, the upright flower stalks enlarge to 1 to 1.3 cm. They bear 1 to 1.5 cm diameter, spherical, smooth fruits. These are colored green and have darker stripes and spots. The pericarp is thin and dries up brittle. Ten to 20 seeds are formed per fruit (rarely only five) . These are 3 to 4 mm long, pale tan or reddish, flattened to ovoid-kidney-shaped. The cells of the seed coat (testa) are elongated and have a curved outline, the outer cell walls are clearly and regularly striped.
Distribution and locations
The species is distributed in the Amazon region of Colombia , Ecuador , Peru , Bolivia and Brazil . It can usually be found there in the flooded forest (Igapó or Tahuampa), and occasionally occurs in terra firme forests. It can be found at altitudes between 100 and 450 m.
Systematics
Solanum thelopodium is classified within the genus of nightshade ( Solanum ) in the Thelopodium clade. The clade is isolated from the remaining species of the genus. It is believed that Solanum monarchostemon is the sister species of the species.
proof
- Sandra Knapp: Solanum thelopodium . In: Solanaceae Source ( online ), July 2004, accessed January 30, 2011.