Donets-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic

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Донецко-Криворожская Советская Республика
Donetsko-Krivorozhskaya Sovetskaya Respublika
Donets-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic
February 12, 1918 - March 19, 1918
Capital Kharkiv
Form of government Soviet Socialist Republic
Government system Council of People's Commissars
Head of government Fyodor Andreevich Sergeev
DKR map.jpg

The Soviet Republic of Donets-Krivoy Rog ( Russian Донецко-Криворожская Советская Республика (ДКСР) ) was a short-lived Bolshevik state that existed from February to March 1918 on the territory of what is now Ukraine and Russia .

history

In February 1918, the Ukrainian People's Republic concluded the peace of bread with the Central Powers . At the fourth congress of the Council of People's Deputies of Donbass and Kryvbass , which took place in Kharkiv from February 9 to 12, 1918 , the Bolsheviks founded the Donets Soviet Republic - Krivoy Rog , to whose territory the regions Sumy , Kharkiv , Donetsk , Yekaterinoslav , Kherson and the region of the Don Cossacks , which were partly in the area of ​​today 's Rostov Oblast , counted. The establishment of the republic was carried out on the initiative of the Ekaterinoslav branch of Ukrainian Bolsheviks, chaired by Emmanuel Quiring . Its aim was to deny the Central Na Rada government and the German army access to the industrial regions of Donbass and Krywbass. Another reason for the establishment of the republic was that the Ekaterinos-Slavs Bolsheviks did not want to recognize Kiev as the capital of a Soviet Ukraine.

The capital of the Soviet republic was Kharkiv. The chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Republic was Fyodor Sergeyev . The Donets-Krivoy Rog Republic saw itself as independent from the first Soviet government of Ukraine, which was established in December 1917. The Bolshevik leadership in Moscow was against the establishment of the republic as it saw this as a break in the united front against enemy forces. It is unclear how much popular support the republic had. Most of the government representatives did not come from Donbass and the miners from the industrial regions were not involved in the government because their level of education was considered too low.

At the urging of Mykola Skrypnyk , the then chairman of the Soviet government of Ukraine, Vladimir Lenin ordered the representatives of the Donets-Krivoy Rog Republic to attend the second All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets, which took place in Yekaterinoslav from March 17-19, 1918. The Congress decided to dissolve the Donets-Krivoy Rog Republic. This had a lasting impact on the territorial demarcation of Ukraine, as Moscow recognized that most of the Donbass, including the Russian-speaking areas, belong to Ukraine.

In November 1918, the Bolsheviks of Donbass joined the Provisional Workers 'and Peasants' Government of Ukraine and the question of a separate Donets-Krivoy Rog republic did not arise afterwards.

Web links

Commons : Donets-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Vasyl Markus: Donets – Kryvyi Rih Soviet Republic. Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine , accessed February 9, 2015 .
  2. ↑ a b c Ivan Katchanovski: Historical Dictionary of Ukraine . Scarecrow Press, 2013, ISBN 0-8108-7847-X , pp. 136-137 .
  3. ^ George Liber: Soviet Nationality Policy, Urban Growth, and Identity Change in the Ukrainian SSR 1923-1934 . Cambridge University Press, 1992, ISBN 0-521-41391-5 , pp. 30 .
  4. ↑ Roman Szporluk: Russia, Ukraine and the breakup of the Soviet Union . Hoover Press, 2000, ISBN 0-8179-9543-9 , pp. 76 .
  5. ↑ a b Hiroaki Kuromiya: Freedom and Terror in the Donbas: A Ukrainian-Russian Borderland, 1870s-1990s . Cambridge University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-521-52608-6 , pp. 98, 99 .