St. Martin (Meiningen)

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The Church of St. Martin was the oldest known parish church in Meiningen . It was a Franconian half-timbered church of simple construction. The church, also known as Martinskirche , was built on a flood-proof location not far from a ford on the Werra and belonged to the Meiningen royal estate . It was canceled in 1827. The ducal crypt chapel has stood here since 1839 .

history

Sectional view of the church

The time of the start of construction and the first consecration is unknown. As a parish church tithes Mark Meiningen in Gau grave field that during the construction of the Frankish Empire was formed, their formation is likely the latest in the 8th century. The first mention of St. Martin was carried out simultaneously with the first mention of Meiningen on October 1, 982 when they jointly by Emperor Otto II. The pen Peter Church in Aschaffenburg were suitable. Before 1000, the church was again owned by the empire.

After the turn of the millennium, it was decided in the Königsgut Meiningen, since St. Martin was only a small half-timbered building , to build a new church as a solid structure . An early Romanesque St. Mary's Church was built not far from St. Martin's Church , which still exists today after several renovations as the town church of Our Dear Women . As a result, the Church of St. Martin lost the parish rights to the new church a little later. This is where the further development of Meiningen took place, so that the development around St. Martin gradually became deserted . The Meiningen people now used the church as a church , around which a cemetery was created. Burials also took place in the church itself. In the course of the Reformation , St. Martin became Protestant in 1544 . In 1641, during the Thirty Years' War, Swedish troops almost completely destroyed the unprotected church outside the city wall. It was only after the Peace of Westphalia that the church could be restored and re-consecrated in 1658.

The church of St. Martin was a rectangular building without a tower, with an incorrect east-west orientation. The gable above the main portal was crowned by a cross, and the bell hung below it. A third of the interior was taken up by the pews, the other two thirds were used by the burial grounds. Before it was demolished in 1827, there were 44 stone slab tombs in the church. In the middle of the south-eastern long side stood the altar with crucifix , next to it was the elevated pulpit . All side walls were provided with one-story galleries . In place of the Church of St. Martin, architect August Wilhelm Döbner built a neo-Gothic crypt chapel for the ducal house of Saxony-Meiningen from 1835 to 1839 .

literature

  • Reissland / Heinritz, Staatliche Museen Meiningen (Ed.): Meininger Views , Meiningen 1982.
  • Staatliche Museen Meiningen (Ed.): Südthüringer Forschungen - Issue 17, contributions to the city history of Meiningen , Meiningen 1982.

Web links

Commons : St. Martin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Staatliche Museen Meiningen / Bernd W. Bahn: Südthüringer Forschungen, Issue 17, Section: Meiningen before the first documentary mention , 1982.
  2. ^ First mention of Meiningen from October 1, 982 - Meiningen City Archives.
  3. ^ Reissland / Heinritz: Meininger Views , 1982, p. 46.
  4. ↑ Christian Schröder: Ground and elevation of the Church of St. Martin , HAV 1827.

Coordinates: 50 ° 34 ′ 18 "  N , 10 ° 25 ′ 7.4"  E