St. Martini (Hildesheim)

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St. Martini, tower and choir
St. Martini, nave
Portiuncula Chapel

St. Martin is a former Franciscan - monastery church in Hildesheim . It stands immediately to the west of the wall around the cathedral and is now part of the Roemer and Pelizaeus Museum .

history

The branch of the Franciscan Order founded in Hildesheim in 1210 came into being on the initiative of Bishop Konrad II , who donated the property for it in 1240. The first Franciscans came to Hildesheim as early as 1223 when the superior of the brothers sent to Germany, Johannes de Plano Carpini , preached in the city for the first time with the permission of Bishop Konrad. They found their first accommodation in Nikolaihospital at Godehardkloster . In 1245 the monastery, which belonged to the Saxon Franciscan Province ( Saxonia ), was already studying for the next generation of the order, the provincial chapter of Saxonia took place several times in Hildesheim , for example in 1321 and 1402. Brother Konrad died on October 6, 1261, who was from the population pater sanctus ("holy father") and became the subject of legends. Several members of the convent were auxiliary bishops in the diocese of Hildesheim , for example Heinrich von Halle at the end of the 14th century, who was subsequently also auxiliary bishop in the dioceses of Brandenburg , Magdeburg and, after 1403, in the diocese of Halberstadt , and in 1436 Johannes Winkelmann and from 1502 the former provincial the Saxonia , Ludwig von Siegen (or blessing). Guardian Hermann Etzen († between 1465 and 1470) became known through various theological works.

Unlike most other monasteries in Hildesheim, the Franciscan convent was dissolved during the Reformation after 1542. The brothers were expelled from the city in 1544 and went to the Franciscan monastery in Cologne, only a few old people could stay; the last two renounced ownership of the monastery buildings in 1556. After the destruction of St. John's Church in 1547, St. Martini became a Lutheran parish church. Konrad Lüdekke, the last guardian of the Franciscan monastery, who had become a Protestant and got married, became the pastor.

In 1632 some Franciscans returned to the city council at the intercession of the cathedral chapter , but had to leave the monastery again due to the normal year of the Peace of Westphalia in 1649 (?). The church became Lutheran again. When St. Michael was used again as a church in 1857 , the Martini parish was united with the Michaelis parish. Church and chapel were profaned . The museum association bought the buildings and converted them for exhibition purposes. On March 22, 1945, St. Martini was destroyed by high explosive and incendiary bombs except for the surrounding walls and the tower. The Portiuncula Chapel has been preserved almost intact.

Until the end of the 1970s, fragments of figures and stones from the rubble removal from the bombings in World War II were stored in the area of ​​the chapel. The fragments were sorted and cataloged by students from the then Hildesheim / Holzminden University of Applied Sciences under Jürgen Lagemann. Among other things, parts of the Roland figure of the fountain in front of the town hall were found. Well-preserved stone fragments were partially integrated into later building projects.

From 1953 to 1973 the Franciscans of the Silesian Province in Hildesheim maintained the Antonius student home and then remained in the building on Alfelder Strasse until 1987 as pastors. In 1988 three brothers came to the Holy Cross Church as pastors for a few years .

building

The current appearance of the monastery church is the result of a long building history. The four-bay early Gothic hall church opens into a two-tier rectangular choir in the east , with the slender square tower, octagonal on the two upper floors, attached to the north side; its pinnacle crown is the only ornament of the building.

Parts of the former monastery buildings have been preserved on the south side of the church; this is followed by the Portiuncula Chapel, completed in 1490 .

See also

literature

  • Stephan Gutowski: The Friars Minor in Hildesheim. In: Dieter Berg (ed.): Franciscan life in the Middle Ages. Studies on the history of the Rhenish and Saxon order provinces. Werl 1994, pp. 111-145.

Web links

Commons : St. Martini  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Chronological outline of the history of the Saxon Franciscan provinces from their beginnings to the present. Werl 1999, p. 21.39.43.59.101.139.141.161.189.225.
  2. ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Chronological outline of the history of the Saxon Franciscan provinces from their beginnings to the present. Werl 1999, p. 291.295.303.
  3. ↑ Lt. Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Chronological outline of the history of the Saxon Franciscan provinces from their beginnings to the present. Werl 1999, p. 351 the brothers were ousted as early as 1634 in order to use the church exclusively for Lutheran services.
  4. ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Chronological outline of the history of the Saxon Franciscan provinces from their beginnings to the present. Werl 1999, p. 611.623.627.ö

Coordinates: 52 ° 8 ′ 56 ″  N , 9 ° 56 ′ 40 ″  E