St. Quirin (Bolzano)

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The Guglerhof above St. Quirin

St. Quirin is a partially preserved in the basement of a farm medieval church buildings in the district of San Quirino in Bolzano ( South ). It is located below the house at Venediger Straße 13 and has been a listed building since 1951 . The former church was consecrated to St. Quirinus von Tegernsee .

Around 746 the noble brothers Oatkar and Adalbert founded the Tegernsee Monastery . Since Bozen was part of the Duchy of Bavaria at that time, the founders also left numerous goods in what is now South Tyrol to the monastery , including considerable wineries in what is now Quirein. The monastery built - unknown when - a St. Quirinus chapel as a separate church on its property; it is mentioned for the first time around 1173/74 in a traditional note from the Lower Bavarian Benedictine monastery of Biburg, which is also wealthy here, as "ad sanctum Quirinum" .

The muddy Quirinus Chapel ( S. Kerin ) in the flood plain of the Talfer on the flood map of 1541

The chapel was buried in the end of the 13th century when the Talfer were laid . The river once had a different course than it does today: at the height between Maretsch Castle and the Talfer Bridge , the river turned to the southwest and only flowed into the Eisack around today's Don-Bosco-Platz . After Count Meinhard II of Tyrol had ruled the entire city of Bozen in 1278, he decided to give the Talfer a shorter route. In 1282 the new bed was dug, and since then the Talfer has flowed straight to the Eisack. But where the new river bed lay, wineries were destroyed or threatened by the recurring Talfer floods .

A new church was built around 1610 above what is now the underground chapel. The Quirinuskirche was closed in the Age of Enlightenment in 1786 by order of the state and then sold. Shortly afterwards, the buyer (Gugler) had the above-ground parts of the former church building demolished and a residential building built above the church, which still exists today. Gugler had the former church patron Quirinus and the fire protection patron St. Florian depicted on the facade .

The Latin name Quirinus was shortened to Quirin by the German population of Bolzano , from which the place name Quirein emerged in the course of the late Middle Ages and early modern times . The district around the remains of the chapel bears this name today.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hannes Obermair : »The Becoming of a Room. Rottenbuch before Rottenbuch «. In: Helmut Stampfer (ed.): The Rottenbuch residence in Bozen-Gries . Tappeiner, Lana 2003. ISBN 88-7073-335-1 , pp. 16-17.
  2. ↑ Bruno Mahlknecht : Quirein , in: Südtiroler Hauskalender 2008, pp. 84–107.

Web links

Commons : St. Quirin in Quirein  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office

Coordinates: 46 ° 29 ′ 54.9 ″  N , 11 ° 20 ′ 44.3 ″  E