Eisack

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Eisack
Eisack in Bolzano

Eisack in Bolzano

Data
location South Tyrol , Italy
River system Etsch
Drain over Adige  → Adriatic Sea
River basin district Eastern Alps
source at the burner
Source height 1990  m slm
muzzle Etsch south of Bozen Coordinates: 46 ° 26 ′ 28 "  N , 11 ° 18 ′ 53"  E 46 ° 26 ′ 28 "  N , 11 ° 18 ′ 53"  E

length 99.9 km
Catchment area 4,960.37 km²
Outflow
A Eo : 4,960.37 km² 		MQ
Mq
 		58 m³ / s
11.7 l / (s km²)
Left tributaries Pfitscher Bach , Rienz , Afer Bach , Villnößer Bach , Grödner Bach , Schwarzgriesbach , Tierser Bach , Eggentaler Bach
Right tributaries Pflerscher Bach , Ridnauner Bach , Flaggerbach , Schalderer Bach , Tinnebach , Talfer
Reservoirs flowed through Franzensfester reservoir
Big cities Bolzano
Medium-sized cities Brixen
Small towns Sterzing , Klausen
The Eisack in the Adige river system

The Eisack ( Isarco in Italian , Isarch in Ladin , Isarcus in Latin ) is the second largest river in South Tyrol . It rises on the Brenner at an altitude of 1990  m slm. The catchment area of the river is around 4200 km². The Eisack initially flows through the southern Wipptal ; from the Franzensfeste onwards the Eisack valley is named after the river. In Bolzano the Eisack finally reached the Adige Valley , where, after about 100 km distance in the water-poor Adige flows.

Larger towns along the Eisack are, apart from Bozen, Sterzing , Brixen , Klausen , Waidbruck and Blumau . Rafting is practiced on the upper reaches of the Eisack .

Origin of name

Flooding of Bozen in 1541: in the middle the meandering Eisack, at the top the old Eisack bridge

The name of the Isarci tribe who settled on the Eisack around 15 AD is passed down through the inscription on the Tropaeum Alpium . According to Egon Kühebacher is the name of the river on the Indo-European root * is "fast, ripping" due in meaning (see, for example. Isar , Iser , Isère ) that the Germans in the 12th century ei diphthongised was.

history

In earlier centuries the Eisack repeatedly caused considerable flooding of the city of Bozen. Such an inundation is recorded in the first known cityscape from 1541, which the then mayor Leonhard Hörtmair made for the Innsbruck government in order to document the considerable damage to the protective structures and to request appropriate aid.

Tributaries

The largest tributary is the Rienz , which surpasses it in water flow , with which the Eisack joins in Brixen; other important tributaries are the Talfer from the Sarntal, the Ridnauner Bach , Pflerscher Bach , Pfitscher Bach , Villnößer Bach , Grödner Bach , Tierser Bach and the Eggentaler Bach .

Bridges (selection)

Below Klausen, three covered bridges cross the Eisack in quick succession : the Törggelebrücke , the Atzwanger bridge and the Steger bridge .

  • Törggelebrücke

  • Atzwanger bridge

  • Steger Bridge

The Eisack Bridge in Bozen , which has been attested since the High Middle Ages , was of historical importance . Erected as a wooden Jochbrücke , it crossed the river south of the old town in the direction of Virglfuß and was a bottleneck for both inner-Alpine traffic and the cross-regional connection over the Brenner Pass . Two wisdoms of the bridge from 1239 and 1272 are revealing , which regulate the maintenance of the bridge in detail and name the Count of Tyrol as the bridge bailiff . In the 19th century the old Eisack bridge was replaced by the younger Loreto bridge and the railway bridge.

Power generation

At Franzensfeste (see Franzensfester Stausee ), Klausen and Waidbruck the river is dammed for electricity generation and partially diverted.

Web links

Commons : Eisack  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Eisack on the website of the South Tyrolean Environment Agency

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Autonomous Province of Bolzano South Tyrol: GeoBrowser (accessed on June 29, 2015)
  2. ↑ 2014 Ministero dell'Ambiente: Geoportale Nazionale , Fachdienst Bacini idrografici principali , 2014 (accessed on June 29, 2015)
  3. ↑ level value Branzoll (92.3 m³ / s, 1981-2010, Etsch below the Eisackmündung) minus level value sigmundskron (33.4 m³ / s, 1981-2010, Etsch above the Eisackmündung), level data: Autonomous Province South Tyrol: Hydro Report Südtirol 4/2011 (accessed on June 29, 2015)
  4. ^ Egon Kühebacher : The place names of South Tyrol and their history. The historically evolved names of the valleys, rivers, streams and lakes. Athesia, Bozen 1995, ISBN 88-7014-827-0 , pp. 59-61.
  5. ↑ Hans von Voltelini : The Bozner Eisakbrücke , in: Festschrift in honor of Emil von Ottenthal (Schlern-Schriften 9). Innsbruck: Wagner 1925, pp. 164–169.
  6. ↑ Hannes Obermair : Church and city development. The parish church of Bozen in the High Middle Ages (11th – 13th centuries) . In: The Sciliar . 69th year, issue 8/9, 1995, p. 449–474, reference pp. 453–454 ( bozen.it [PDF]).