Sterzing
| Sterzing | |
|---|---|
| (Italian: Vipiteno ) | |
coat of arms
 |
map  |
| State : | Italy |
| Region : | Trentino-South Tyrol |
| Province : | Bolzano - South Tyrol |
| District community : | Wipptal |
|
Inhabitants : (VZ 2011 / 31.12.2019) |
6,401 / 7,044 |
|
Language groups : (according to 2011 census ) |
73.64% German 25.95% Italian 0.41% Ladin |
| Coordinates | 46 ° 54 ' N , 11 ° 26' E |
| Altitude : | 935– 2714 m slm (center: 948 m slm ) |
| Surface: | 33.18 km² |
| Permanent settlement area: | 1.18 km² |
| Parliamentary groups : | Ried, Thuins , Tschöfs |
| Neighboring municipalities: | Brenner , Freienfeld , Pfitsch , Ratschings |
| Partnership with : |
 Kitzbühel ( Tyrol / Austria ), since 1971 |
| Postal code : | 39049 |
| Area code : | 0472 |
| ISTAT number: | 021115 |
| Tax number: | 81005970215 |
| Mayor (2015): | Fritz Karl Messner |
Sterzing ([ ˈʃtɛrtsɪŋ ]; Italian Vipiteno ) is a city and an Italian municipality with 7044 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in South Tyrol . In addition to the urban area, the villages of Tschöfs, Thuins and Ried belong to the municipality of Sterzing. Due to its location between the alpine passages of Jaufen and Brenner Pass and Penser Joch , Sterzing has always been an important trading town. As a shopping town, tourist and economic center and the location of a hospital, it is still of great importance in the southern Wipptal today .
geography
Geographical location
Sterzing is located in the north of South Tyrol ( Italy ) between the 46th and 47th degree of latitude and between the 11th and 12th degree of longitude. The city center is located on the north-western edge of the Sterzing Basin , the first valley widening in the Wipptal south of the Brenner Pass . The Sterzing Basin, into which the Ridnaun Valley flows from the west and the Pfitscher Valley from the north-east , is bordered by the Stubai Alps in the west, north-west and north, the Zillertal Alps in the east and the Sarntal Alps in the south and south-west. The Eisack , which flows past the old town, is the second largest river in South Tyrol.
The city is around 95 km away from the northern edge of the Alps and around 140 km from the southern edge. The Brenner Pass and thus the border with Austria are 15 km away. Sterzing is thus the northernmost city in Italy and, with a location of 948 m slm, is one of the highest cities in the Alps. Nearby larger cities are Innsbruck (41 km as the crow flies north), Merano (32 km as the crow flies southwest, 58 km by road with the SS 44 over the Jaufenpass ) and Bozen (45 km as the crow flies, 70 km by road).
geology
The metropolitan area of Sterzing is located on a geological dividing line between the shale formations consisting Kalkglimmerschiefer formed upper Schieferhülle of Tux ridge , a mountain range in the Zillertal Alps in the east and the mica schist of the local mountain Rosskopf , in the summit region also slate gneisses and gneisses are found. Limestone mica slate deposits can only be found in a few places in this region in the west of the Eisack. In the area of the Vallmingtal east of the Rosskopf, the Telfer Weißen are formed from dolomite rock , which also forms the summit cone of the Weißspitze and can also be found in flans. The valley floor is dominated by alluvial soils that were created by the silting up of a large lake that once covered large parts of today's urban area. Thick moraine deposits can be found near Thuins, in Flans below the Rosskopf and below the Weißspitze.
Expansion of the urban area
The municipality of Sterzing covers an area of 33.18 km². It is bounded in the valley area of the Sterzinger Basin by the Eisack and Ridnauner Bach , which flow together southeast of the city center. In the south-west, a narrow strip of land extends to the courtyards of Unter- and Oberackern in the beginning of the Ridnaun Valley. North of the Sterzinger Basin, the municipal area on the Rosskopf ( 2189 m slm ) and on the Telfer Weißen ( 2588 m slm ) also includes some mountain areas of the Aggls-Rosskopf ridge of the Stubai Alps, which border the Wipptal in the west. On the opposite eastern side of the valley, in the Tux ridge of the Zillertal Alps, Sterzing finds its highest point at the summit of the Weißspitze ( 2714 m slm ).
City structure and neighboring communities
Sterzing divided beside the narrow urban area in the fractions Thuins , Tschöfs and Ried . Thuins is located on the southern slopes of the Rosskopf to the west of the old town, Tschöfs and Ried, on the other hand, a little north on the western and eastern flanks of the Wipptal, which narrows towards Gossensaß . Gossensaß is the capital of the municipality of Brenner , which separates Sterzing in the north from the Austrian border. In the east, the city borders on Pfitsch , which on the east bank of the Eisack extends directly to the city area. The southeastern neighboring municipality in the Wipptal is Freienfeld , the municipality of Ratschings extends in the adjacent valley system of the Ridanna Valley with its side valleys to the west . The most intensive economic relationships exist with all communities. Sterzing is considered the shopping city of the southern Wipptal and, as a location for larger companies, is of great importance as a place of work.
climate
Sterzing lies in the temperate climate zone and is assigned to the Central European montane climate type . The mean annual temperatures in Sterzing are 8.6 ° C and the mean annual precipitation is 699.1 mm. The warmest month is July. Here, an average of 18.5 ° C is reached, while the monthly average temperatures in the winter months are between 0 and −2 ° C.
The winters are snowy. The prevailing winds are the cold north wind from the Brenner and less common west and south winds, which are often accompanied by heavy rainfall.
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Sterzing
Source: monthly values for temperatures and monthly values for precipitation . Provincial weather service of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano - South Tyrol (period 2000-2010)
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History and economy
_-_Zw%C3%B6lferturm.JPG)
_-_Sterzing_-_A.E.Hasse.JPG)
Traces of settlement can be found from prehistoric times. 14 BC The Roman settlement Vibidenum arose under Drusus in the Sterzing area . Their name served as a template for the Italian place name Vipiteno, created in 1923 in the course of the " Italianization " for political reasons .
The place name Sterzing is first recorded in 1182 (in the spelling Sterçengum , from the old Bavarian town of Sterzingen ) in a document from the Sonnenburg monastery . Count Meinhard II of Tyrol elevated the settlement to the status of a town around 1280 and expanded the old town center through the area south of the Zwölferturm, the so-called new town, by reallocating building land "in agris et campis" ( in fields and fields ) .
Awarded a trade privilege, the place on the southern slope of the important Brenner route began to emerge. The city experienced its steepest upswing in the 15th century: when mining began in the Wipptal around 1400 (especially silver mines were opened up), many entrepreneurs chose the city as their company headquarters. They often redesigned their houses in the style of the patricians and built over the older buildings. The town's characteristic buildings go back to this early days (" Fugger Towns").
Due to its favorable, geographically central location in the Wipptal valley, Sterzing played an important role in the history of Tyrol despite the small number of inhabitants as a trading and market place, court seat, meeting place for important meetings and consultations, traffic junction, center of mining, rural economy, culture and art.
At the end of the 16th century, when the silver deposits were depleted, the city began to decline economically, which lasted until the end of the 19th century. The dumping of the Sterzinger Moos enabled the development of efficient agriculture.
In the first post-war years after World War II , Sterzing served as an important transit point for a " rat line " on which high-ranking National Socialists fled Europe due to its proximity to the Brenner Pass . Sterzing often served them as temporary accommodation. The pastor of Sterzing at that time, like other Catholic clergy in South Tyrol, participated as escape helpers. For example, he helped Adolf Eichmann to find accommodation in the Franciscan monastery in Bozen .
The small town structure that has prevailed for centuries, shaped by trade and commerce, is in a state of upheaval: In addition to trade and administration, health care, sport and tourism have become more important today. Tourism has become an important branch of the economy and the city is also a member of the I borghi più belli d'Italia (The Most Beautiful Places in Italy) association for better marketing . The economic structure in detail: trade (186 companies), craft (159), agriculture (143), hotels and restaurants (103), industry (28).
population
| year | population | Language groups | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| German | Italian | Ladin | ||
| 1900 | 1,672 | 98.04% | 1.96% | - |
| 1921 | 2,875 | - | - | - |
| 1931 | 3,175 | - | - | - |
| 1936 | 3,428 | - | - | - |
| 1951 | 3,596 | - | - | - |
| 1961 | 4,059 | - | - | - |
| 1971 | 4,565 | 71.17% | 28.54% | 0.28% |
| 1981 | 5,291 | 73.70% | 25.95% | 0.35% |
| 1991 | 5,596 | 75.03% | 24.67% | 0.30% |
| 2001 | 5,785 | 75.28% | 24.29% | 0.44% |
| 2011 | 6,401 | 73.64% | 25.95% | 0.41% |
religion
The majority of the Sterzing people of all language groups are Roman Catholic . The city is the seat of a deanery , which is divided into 16 parishes and belongs to the diocese of Bolzano-Brixen . The most important churches of the German-speaking residents of the Vipiteno parish are the parish church Maria im Moos, which is considered the largest parish church in the German-speaking Alpine region, and the St. Margarethen church, which serves as an auxiliary parish church, as the actual parish church is located a little outside the city area. The main church of the Italian-speaking residents is the Chiesa di Santo Spirito (Holy Spirit Church - Hospital Church) in the city center. The Capuchin Monastery, founded in 1609, is also located in the city center .
politics
mayor
- Together for Sterzing : 2
- South Tyrolean People's Party : 6
- For Sterzing : 9
- Lega Nord : 1
Mayor since 1952:
- Hans Saxl : 1952–1963
- Karl Oberhauser : 1963–1973
- Johann Salazer: 1973–1974
- Alois Graus: 1974-1977
- Rudolf Pichler: 1977–1981
- Josef Larch: 1981–1990
- Fritz Karl Messner: 1990-2000
- Thomas Egger : 2000-2005
- Fritz Karl Messner: since 2005
City and municipal council
The Sterzing City Council, as the city government is called, consists of the mayor, the deputy mayor and four other city councilors. The municipal council consists of a total of 18 members.
coat of arms
The city's coat of arms shows a hunchbacked pilgrim with a black hooded cloak, crutch and rosary, over which the Tyrolean eagle rises protectively.
According to a legend, the man pictured is said to be the founder of the city. However, recent interpretations assume that the pilgrim is to be seen as an indication of the importance of Sterzing as a resting place with its two hospices, while the eagle is intended to express the importance of Sterzing as the city of the Tyrolean counts.
The oldest surviving coat of arms from 1327 shows the pilgrim with a high hat only in the bust. Above this depiction and without any connection to it, the upper half of the Tyrolean eagle was emblazoned. The current coat of arms has been in use since 1524.
Town twinning
Sterzing has had a partnership with the municipality of Kitzbühel in Austria since 1971 . The partnership celebrations took place on September 4th and 5th, 1971 in Kitzbühel to mark the 700th anniversary of the city's founding and one year later on September 9th and 10th, 1972 in Sterzing. In addition to politics, the partnership is mainly cultivated by shooting clubs and volunteer fire brigades .
traffic
For motor traffic , Sterzing is primarily opened up by the SS 12 , which crosses the municipality. In addition, the A22 , whose entry and exit to Sterzing is on the border with Freienfeld , and the Brennerbahn pass the city. The latter provides the station Sterzing-Pfitsch - in the municipality of Pfitsch located - one from the center quickly accessible access point .
health
Sterzing is the location of a hospital of the South Tyrolean medical company .
education
There are a number of educational institutions in the municipality of Sterzing. As usual in South Tyrol, public schools are broken down into language groups and school districts .
German-speaking schools
The primary school " Josef Rampold " (administered together with the primary schools of the neighboring community of Brenner as Sprengel Sterzing I) as well as the two secondary schools " Konrad Fischnaler " (managed together with the primary schools of the neighboring municipality of Ratschings as Sprengel Sterzing II) and " Vigil Raber " (together with the primary schools in the neighboring communities of Freienfeld and Pfitsch as Sprengel Sterzing III) cover the primary sector. The Vipiteno High School Center with its four branches represents a diverse range of secondary schools in the South Tyrolean Wipptal.
Italian-speaking schools
In Sterzing there are also public educational institutions for the Italian language group, which together with schools in the neighboring municipality of Brenner form the Sprengel Sterzing - Wipptal . This includes the primary school "Don Milani", the middle school "Giovanni Pascoli" and the high school center "P. Virgilio ”.
Culture and sights
Historical public buildings
- The Heilig-Geist-Spital with the Heilig-Geist-Kirche was built in 1399–1402.
- Parish Church of Our Lady in the Moos on the southern periphery of the city was built in two stages. The town council built the choir between 1417 and 1456. The nave of the late Gothic hall church was built in 1496–1524. The high altar in the church choir contains five figures from the Multscher altar by the Ulm master Hans Multscher , erected in 1459. The altar, a work of art of European standing, has only survived in fragments; some of the large picture panels (1.70 x 1.85 m) are on display in the nearby museum in the former Teutonic Order. The neo-Gothic organ with 35 registers in the organ gallery was built in 1910 by the Mayer brothers from Feldkirch .
- Zwölferturm , landmark of the city, 1468–1472
- Town hall with late Gothic room, 1468–1474
- The Jöchlsthurn residence with the attached St. Peter and Paul Church was built in 1474 and 1496.
Theater, cinema, library
The planning for the construction of a city theater began in 1989. In 1991 the demolition of the former GI building began, in the place of which the new building was erected according to plans by the architect Albert Colz from Bolzano. After the construction work was completed, the official opening by Mayor Thomas Egger took place on May 19, 2000. The large hall, including the boxes and tiers, offers up to 430 seats. There is space for up to 40 musicians in the orchestra pit.
The city stage of Sterzing was created on March 19, 2002 by renaming the Kolping stage in Sterzing. It was founded in 1981 and had its venue in the Kolping House. On February 15, 2002, the ensemble signed a cooperation agreement with the administration of the new Sterzing City Theater. Several rooms in the Sterzing City Theater were given to the Kolping stage for free use and the venue was relocated to the City Theater.
In the building of the city theater, the city library is housed on two floors and in one hall. Your collection of books and media in multiple languages includes approximately 27,000 works in an open access library are accessible.
The cinema is also located in the city theater building. It has two halls with 72 and 48 seats.
Museums
The eastern part of the building of the former Teutonic Order has housed the Multschermuseum since 1986 and the Sterzing City Museum since 1994.
In the Multscher Museum, parts of the altar created between 1456 and 1459 by the Ulm sculptor and painter Hans Multscher for the parish church of Sterzing can be seen. The late Gothic winged high altar was removed there in 1779 as part of the baroque redesign of the church. The most important exhibits are the altar panels, which depict scenes from the life of Mary and the Passion of Christ.
The city museum is also located in the former Teutonic Order. Evidence of city life is exhibited in the baroque halls. The main exhibits come from a collection of objects and documents from the city's guilds and brotherhoods. Various wall paintings show the city of Sterzing and its surroundings.
The St. Elisabeth Church of the Coming can be visited as part of a museum visit. It was built in 1733 according to plans by Giuseppe Delai in the late Baroque style instead of an older chapel for the Teutonic Order. The ceiling paintings show Saints Elisabeth and George, the patron saints of the order. Like the high altar painting, they were created by the Bavarian painter and graphic artist Matthäus Günther from Augsburg. The stucco decoration of the walls and the vault are the work of Anton Gigl from Innsbruck .
music
The Sterzing Music School is located in the western wing of the Coming House. It is regarded as the central educational institution for music in the southern Wipptal. Its catchment area includes Sterzing, Brenner, Pfitsch, Ratschings, Freienfeld and Franzensfeste with a total of 18,000 inhabitants. It is attended by around 600 students a week, who are taught by 25 teachers in 21 classrooms and form a string ensemble, a big band, a brass band and a percussion ensemble. These appear regularly in public. The music students often successfully take part in the Austrian music competition Prima la musica .
The Sterzing Citizens' Chapel has existed with interruptions since 1832. After a brief dissolution, a new establishment followed in 1946. It has around 45 members, including 11 musicians, plus four sutlers and an ensign, and has had its club rooms in the Deutschhaus since 2006. In 2007 it celebrated the 175th anniversary of its first documentary mention.
The Sterzing Men's Choir was founded in 1860 and has around 30 active members. In 1926 it was officially banned and dissolved by the Italian fascist government . The re-establishment took place on August 22, 1946.
There is also the Cima Bianca choir and the parish choir Sterzing Maria im Moos in the city .
Sterzing moss
The Sterzinger Moos south of the city limits was a very swampy area before it dried out in 1877. In many North Tyrolean carnival customs , the Sterzinger Moos is the area where, according to legend, all unmarried maidens had to go to pay for their renunciation. The bachelors unwilling to marry were also criticized in the folk tale and, like the women, banished to a dreary place. The men should atone for being single on a mountain near the Sterzinger Moos. There they had to do completely useless activities, like women unwilling to marry, e.g. B. Glue farts, rub rocks or push clouds. At Larchzieh'n in Umhausen , Sterzinger Moos is an essential part of this centuries-old custom.
sons and daughters of the town
- Vigil Raber (* around 1490 - † December 1552), initially painter and restorer, later author, collector, publisher and director of secular and sacred theater plays (Sterzinger Spiele, Sterzinger Osterspiel , Sterzinger Carnachtsspiel , Sterzinger Neidhartspiel )
- Michael Gaismair (* 1490 in Tschöfs near Sterzing; † April 15, 1532 in Padua), Social Revolutionary, peasant leader (failed peasant uprisings in Tyrol from 1525 to 1529)
- Paul Dax (* 1503; † 1561 in Innsbruck), soldier, painter, glass painter and cartographer
- Michael Toxites , (born July 19, 1514; † 1581 in Hagenau in Alsace), humanist, doctor and poet
- Kasper Goltwurm (* 1524; † 1559 in Weilburg), Lutheran theologian, "Reformer of Nassau"
- Paulinus Mayr (born August 31, 1628 - † September 29, 1685 in Brixen ), was Prince-Bishop of Brixen from 1678 to 1685
- Sigismund Epp (born December 31, 1647 - † July 23, 1720 in Innsbruck), theologian, rector of the University of Innsbruck
- Johann Baptist Gänsbacher (* May 8, 1778; † July 13, 1844 in Vienna), composer, conductor and Kapellmeister
- Maximilian Mayr (born January 1, 1820 in Sterzing; † August 7, 1883 in Völs), 1879–1883 provost of Neustift near Brixen
- Josef Hirn (born July 10, 1848 - † February 7, 1917 in Bregenz / Vorarlberg), historian. From 1890 university professor in Innsbruck, 1899–1914 in Vienna; 1895–1901 member of the Tyrolean Parliament
- Carl Domanig (born April 3, 1851, † December 9, 1913 in St. Michael in Bozen), writer (Tyrolean local poet), numismatist
- Konrad Fischnaler (born December 10, 1855 - † February 14, 1941 in Innsbruck), historical and local researcher, curator at the Ferdinandeum in Innsbruck
- Johann Kofler (7 December 1838 - 5 July 1906), pharmacist and mayor, renewed the structure of the city at the turn of the 20th century
- Sebastian Steiner (born December 30, 1836 - † April 6, 1896 in Untermais near Meran), kuk court sculptor
- Vinzenz Stötter (1922–1982), South Tyrolean politician
- Gerhard Riedmann (born May 12, 1933; † November 25, 2003 in Bolzano), teacher, writer, theater man
- Hanspaul Menara (* 1945), South Tyrolean regional historian, freelance writer and photographer
- Alexander Langer (born February 22, 1946; † July 3, 1995 in Tuscany by suicide), politician, visionary
- Leopold Steurer (* 1946), contemporary historian
- Peter Gschnitzer (born July 10, 1953), luge rider
- Herbert Plank (born September 3, 1954), former ski racer, Olympic knight downhill 1976
- Thomas Egger (born December 20, 1959), politician
- Carl Kraus (* 1959), Italian-Austrian art historian, author and curator
- Aron Demetz (* 1972), wood sculptor
- Patrick Staudacher (born April 29, 1980), ski racer, former world champion in Super-G
- David Mair (born August 21, 1984), luge rider
- Alex Schwazer (born December 26, 1984), athlete and Olympic champion over 50 km walking at the 2008 Summer Games in Beijing
- Markus Gander (born May 16, 1989), ice hockey player
- Andy Plank (* 1989), ski racer
- Federica Sanfilippo (* 1990), biathlete
Honorary citizen
- Johann Kofler (born December 7, 1838 in Sterzing; † July 5, 1906), mayor and pharmacist
- Wilhelm Egger (born May 14, 1940 in Innsbruck; † August 16, 2008 in Bozen, grew up in Sterzing after his father's death in 1945), Bishop of the Diocese of Bozen-Brixen, honorary citizen since May 2000
- Josef Rampold (born January 18, 1925 in Sterzing; † November 12, 2007 in Bozen), mountaineer, journalist, author and local historian, honorary citizen since 1994
There are numerous other honorary citizens, a historical list of them is completely missing to date. In the meantime, a section about 20 honorary citizens of the city of Sterzing has appeared in the district magazine ERKER (May 2016-April 2018).
literature
- Erich Vinzenz Strohmer: Sterzing. (= Die Kunst in Tirol 19), Hölzel, Vienna 1923.
- Engelbert Auckenthaler: History of the farms and families of Tuins-Telfes near Sterzing (upper Eisack Valley, South Tyrol) with special consideration of the 16th century. (Schlern writings 173) Wagner, Innsbruck 1958.
- Engelbert Auckenthaler: History of the farms and families of Ried-Tschöfs near Sterzing (upper Eisack Valley, South Tyrol) with special consideration of the 16th century. (= Schlern writings 172), Wagner, Innsbruck 1962.
- Karl Schadelbauer: Sterzing in the 15th century. (= Schlern writings 220), Wagner, Innsbruck 1962.
- Anselm Sparber (Ed.): Sterzinger Heimatbuch. (= Schlern writings 232), Wagner, Innsbruck 1965.
- Messerschmitt Foundation (ed.): St. Elisabeth in the Deutschhaus in Sterzing. Tyrolia / Athesia, Innsbruck / Bozen 1989. ISBN 3-7022-1719-3 .
- Messerschmitt Foundation (ed.): The Jöchlsthurn in Sterzing. Tyrolia / Athesia, Innsbruck / Bozen 1992, ISBN 3-7022-1813-0 .
- Samantha Schneider: City Guide Sterzing. Weger, Brixen 2010, ISBN 978-88-88910-89-5 .
- Alberto Perini: Sterzing. History and portrait of a city. Weger, Brixen 2010, ISBN 978-88-6563-007-5 ( online ).
Web links
- Website of the municipality of Sterzing
- Landscape plan of the municipality of Sterzing . Office for Landscape Ecology, Autonomous Province of Bolzano - South Tyrol (PDF file)
- Entry in the Tirol Atlas of the Institute for Geography at the University of Innsbruck
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c gis2.provinz.bz.it: Municipality of Sterzing. Landscape plan. Explanatory report (PDF; 76 kB), accessed on September 29, 2010.
- ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Vol. 2: 1140-1200 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2012, ISBN 978-3-7030-0485-8 , p. 301 ff. No. 783 .
- ^ I borghi più belli d'Italia. Borghipiubelliditalia.it, accessed August 3, 2017 (Italian).
- ^ Community encyclopedia VIII, Tyrol and Vorarlberg 1900, p. 30
- ↑ The official number of citizens and the language groups in South Tyrol by municipality and district - 1981 census, p. 24
- ^ South Tyrol in Numbers (Bozen 1994), pp. 11-16
- ↑ 2001 census. Calculation of the population of the three language groups in the province of Bozen-Südtirol, p. 7
- ↑ The mayors of the South Tyrolean municipalities since 1952. (PDF; 15 MB) In: Festschrift 50 Years of the South Tyrolean Association of Municipalities 1954–2004. Association of South Tyrolean municipalities, pp. 139–159 , accessed on November 16, 2015 .
- ↑ a b Hanspaul Menara: Sterzing and surroundings. South Tyrolean area guide 38 , Bozen 1983, p. 52.
- ↑ Stadtgemeinde Kitzbühel twin cities , viewed on September 29, 2010.
- ↑ Schulsprengel Sterzing I. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network , accessed on October 25, 2014 .
- ^ Schulsprengel Sterzing II. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network, accessed on October 25, 2014 .
- ↑ School district Sterzing III. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network, accessed on October 25, 2014 .
- ↑ Secondary School Center “P. Virgilio ”. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network, accessed on October 25, 2014 .
- ↑ Sterzing City Theater: Building History , viewed on September 29, 2010.
- ↑ Sterzing city stage: About us , viewed on September 29, 2011.
- ^ Sterzing City Theater: premises , viewed on September 29, 2010.
- ↑ City of Sterzing: Sterzing Music School ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 29, 2010.
- ^ Stiftung Deutschhaus: Vipiteno town chapel ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 29, 2010.
- ^ Stiftung Deutschhaus: Vipiteno town chapel ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 29, 2010.
- ^ Vipiteno education committee: Vipiteno men's choir ( Memento of the original from May 10, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 29, 2010.
- ↑ http://www.sagen.at/doku/volksleben/moos_fahren.html
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