Gossensaß
| Gossensaß | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Italian name : Colle Isarco | |||
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| View of Gossensaß in southeast direction | |||
| Country | Italy | ||
| region | Trentino-South Tyrol | ||
| province | South Tyrol (BZ) | ||
| local community | Brenner (municipality) | ||
| Coordinates | 46 ° 56 ' N , 11 ° 27' E | ||
| height | 1098 m slm | ||
| Residents | 1,150 () | ||
| Demonym | Gossensasser | ||
| Telephone code | 0472 | CAP | 39041 |
Gossensaß ( Colle Isarco in Italian ) is the capital of the market town of Brenner in South Tyrol ( Italy ). Gossensaß is located north of Sterzing and lies in the Wipptal at 1098 m slm. The fraction has around 1150 inhabitants.
history
The name Gossensaß probably comes from Gotzen , which means miners and Saß , which means seat, residence. Others interpret the name Gossensaß as "Gotensitz". But the scientists disagree.
The village was first mentioned in 1204 as " Gozzensaze ". At that time only farmers and craftsmen lived here. At the beginning of the 15th century, iron and silver ore were found in neighboring Pflersch . This attracted many miners from all over Europe to Gossensass. The first heyday of Gossensaß has begun. The citizens of Gossensass achieved great prosperity through silver and iron. In honor of the patron saint of miners, the Barbara Chapel was built with an elaborate and expensive winged altar. It found its place next to the parish church, which was consecrated to St. George. At the end of the 16th century, however, the majority of the ore was used up and Gossensaß and Pflersch sank again into insignificance.
It was not until the beginning of the 19th century that the second heyday began with luxury tourism. Warm thermal water springs, the Zacharias springs, were found in Brennerbad , north of Gossensaß. Nobel hotels - such as the Grandhotel Gröbner and the Palasthotel - were built in Gossensaß to promote tourism. The Grandhotel Gröbner burned down completely in 1945 after an explosion of American ammunition, the palace hotel only reopened its doors to guests in 2004 after almost 40 years of slumber.
The most famous guest was the writer Henrik Ibsen . Gossensass became one of the most important tourist resorts next to Merano . In 1908 Gossensaß was raised to a market town by the Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph I.
The noble tourist era did not last long: until the First World War and the division of Tyrol . Then the time of fascism and oppression began. In 1929 the previously independent municipality of Gossensaß was merged with the neighboring municipalities of Brenner and Pflersch to form today's municipality of Brenner, with its seat in Gossensaß.
An Italian mausoleum located on the northern outskirts dates from the time of fascism, the historical value of which is still controversial today. In addition, there are numerous Vallo Alpino fortifications in the village and in the vicinity , which were built between 1938 and 1942 and, to a lesser extent, were completed after 1945. Even after the Second World War , tourism did not regain momentum. Since the construction of the A22 , the Gossensaß viaduct has dominated the townscape.
Culture
The baroque parish church in Gossensaß is worth seeing . The older Church of St. George was partially demolished in 1750. The Tyrolean Franz de Paula Penz became the builder of the new church. It was completed in 1769 and is dedicated to the "Mary Immaculate Conception". The ceiling frescoes are the work of Matthäus Günther (1751) from Augsburg . Right next to the parish church is the two-story Barbara chapel (built around 1510) with its late Gothic winged altar. It was built by Lienhard Pfarrkircher, the winged altar comes from the Bavarian-Salzburg Danube School by Matthias Stöberl von Sterzing (?) Around 1490 (oil on wood, each 58.5 × 45 cm). In the basement there is a crypt which functions as a chapel for the dead.
Other sights are the old miners' houses with the ore steps above the house gates, as well as the Ibsen Museum in the town hall.
The village was mentioned in a shaking rhyme in Wendelin Überzwerch's book " Shaken out of the sleeve":
A car drove through Gossensaß,
and came into a sauce alley,
so that the whole alley
sauce poured itself over the occupants.
According to legend, Wieland the blacksmith , a figure from the Germanic heroic saga , comes from Gossensaß.
economy
The place used to be an important resting place. In order to overcome the Brenner Pass , the wagons were harnessed to additional draft animals. Due to the use of the silver mines in the 15th and 16th centuries, the place experienced an economic boom, which was no longer achieved after the decline of mining, not even when the era of luxury tourism began at the beginning of the 19th century. In 1867 the Gossensaß station of the Brennerbahn was opened. Tourism plays a major role, especially in winter. Nowadays the place benefits a lot from the small Ladurns ski area, only a few minutes away . In contrast, the Hühnerspiel ski area in Gossensaß was closed in 1991.
Parish partnership
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There is a community partnership with Seefeld in Upper Bavaria .
Personalities
- Wolfgang Gröbner (* 1899 in Gossensaß; † 1980), Austrian mathematician
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Franz Huter (edit.): Tyrolean document book . The documents of the Vinschgau and the German Etschland . Volume I / 2. Innsbruck: Wagner 1949, No. 740. In addition Egon Kühebacher : The place names of South Tyrol and their history . Volume 1. Bozen: Athesia 1991. ISBN 88-7014-634-0 . P. 133.
- ^ Website of the common burner