Deutschnofen

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Deutschnofen
(Italian: Nova Ponente )
coat of arms
Coat of arms of Deutschnofen
 map
Deutschnofen in South Tyrol - Positionskarte.svg
State : Italy
Region : Trentino-South Tyrol
Province : Bolzano - South Tyrol
District community : Salten-Schlern
Inhabitants :
(VZ 2011 / 31.12.2019) 		3,902 / 3,977
Language groups :
(according to 2011 census ) 		97.42% German
2.33% Italian
0.25% Ladin
Coordinates 46 ° 25 '  N , 11 ° 26'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 25 '  N , 11 ° 26'  E
Altitude : 418– 2799  m slm (center: 1350  m slm )
Surface: 112.02 km²
Permanent settlement area: 19.0 km²
Parliamentary groups : Deutschnofen , Petersberg , St. Nikolaus / Eggen
Neighboring municipalities: Aldein , Bozen , Branzoll , Karneid , Leifers , Predazzo , Tesero , Ville di Fiemme , Welschnofen
Postal code : 39050
Area code : 0471
ISTAT number: 021059
Tax number: 00405990219
Mayor  (2019): Bernhard Daum

Deutschnofen ([ dɔɪ̯tʃn̩'oˑfn̩ ], dialect Deitschnoafn , Italian Nova Ponente ) is an Italian municipality with 3977 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in South Tyrol near Bolzano .

geography

The municipality of Nova Ponente occupies large parts of the Regglberg and the Eggental, which borders it on the east side, in south-east South Tyrol. Around 70% of the municipality is forested.

The Regglberg, a mountain range counted among the Fleimstal Alps , offers space for the two largest settlements in the municipality. Deutschnofen, the main town, is centrally located on the mid-mountain high plateau at 1350  m ; Petersberg is located southwest at the same altitude of 1350  m . The two villages are separated from each other by the deeply cut furrow of the Branten Valley , which is drained by the Brantenbach towards the west to the Etschtal and Unterland . The pilgrimage site of Maria Weißenstein ( 1520  m ) is elevated above Petersberg .

In the Eggental area, the municipality remains in the lower valley section almost up to Birchabruck on the orographic left side of the Eggentaler Bach . At Birchabruck the valley divides into two branches, one of which continues to the east and one to the south. The southern branch is one with both valley sides to German oven offers the settlements of the Group St. Nikolaus / Eggen (including the ski resort Obereggen ) space. At the end of the valley, the municipality extends to the Reiterjoch ( 1990  m ) and up to near Lavazèjoch ( 1808  m ), two passages into the Fiemme Valley .

In the east, the municipality extends into the high mountain region of the Latemar , a sub-group of the Dolomites . This is where Nova Ponente finds its highest point on the Eggentaler Horn at 2799  m .

The southern neighboring municipality of Regglberg is Aldein . In the west, Deutschnofen borders on Branzoll and Leifers on the slopes of the valley to the Unterland . At the northern end of the Regglberg and in the lower Eggental, the municipality meets the South Tyrolean capital of Bolzano . In the east, Karneid and Welschnofen are the neighboring communities of Eggental. In the southeast, in the area of ​​Latemar, Reiterjoch and Lavazèjoch, Deutschnofen borders on Trentino .

history

The settlement of Deutschnofen should have been completed around 1200, because by 1275 at the latest, people from the area migrated to the Fersental and the Piné area in Trentino . Accordingly, land for building new farms there was already scarce. As early as 1434, the " lewtte and community of Tewtschenofen " appeared as an independently acting village cooperative in a customs dispute with the noble Botsch family .

In the Deutschnofen area there are still around 260 farms, spread over the old quarters of Platz, Prent, Zelg, Unterkirch and Bühl. The number of farms that are no longer cultivated is increasing. Agriculture is very important to the history of the municipality. Since the high medieval settlement there has been an almost exclusively rural population on the Deutschnofen plateau. The logs, which were transported in large quantities from the Deutschnofen court, served the Bolzano citizens as firewood and the winegrowers as vineyard wood. The pillars on which two lions watch over St. Mark's Square in Venice are said to come from the wood of the Deutschnofen court. In 1614 Deutschnofner wood was supplied for the roof structure of the Basilica of San Petronio in Bologna .

Mining was also important in the 15th and 16th centuries and later in the 19th century . Economic life in the municipality changed completely after the Second World War . At the beginning of the 1950s, the timber trade first flourished, then handicrafts and construction were also very successful.

The Brantental used to be the most important connection to Bozen. Mills, saws and inns lined up there. In 1850 they wanted to widen the street, but the project failed, as it did at the beginning of the First World War . In 1860 the road through the Eggental was completed, which is still the most important traffic artery today, while the Brantental lost its importance and was never expanded.

The name Deutschnofen

Church of Nova Ponente

Traces of the Mesolithic testify that as early as 5000 to 5700 BC BC people lived in Deutschnofen. It was once believed that the Hessians and Swabians melted the ore in the "German furnace" and the Romans in the "Welschen furnace" because of their mining activities. Today, however, it is assumed that the place name is derived from the fact that Alpine Romanesque inhabitants cleared the area. The name "Nova" appears in a document, meaning Neu-Raut, for Deutschnofen for the first time in 1145, in 1279 the nickname "theutonica" was added. From the 14th century the name Teutschenofen , later Tautschnofen, Teitschnofen, Teitschenofen and today Deutschnofen became common.

The patronage of the Deutschnofner Church speaks for the fact that the customs, language and manners of the Deutschnofner come from Bavaria : Ulrich was Bishop of Augsburg and Wolfgang Bishop of Regensburg. Indications of this can also be found in the local dialect (which otherwise, with the usual deviations from valley to valley for a mountainous area, completely coincides with the southern Bavarian variety of the Central South Tyrolean region). In place of the South Bavarian umlauts "oa", "ua" or "ue" (which corresponds to the High German "ei", for example "Stein - Stoan / Stuan / Stuen", "klein" - "kloan", "kluan" ", kluen") a rather elongated "a" is spoken in the Deutschnofen dialect ("Staan", "klaan"). This realization is a typical characteristic of Central Bavarian dialects that are spoken in eastern Austria and southern Bavaria. It enhances the dialect from all around it and sounds quite strange to the ears of other South Tyrolean dialect speakers, as it is not found in any South Bavarian dialect that is not a transition dialect to Central Bavarian (e.g. in the Tyrolean Lower Inn Valley ).

View of Deutschnofen

The Deutschnofner are nicknamed "Hessen". Deutschnofen formed its own court in the 13th century. At first, judges took place in the open air and later in Thurn Castle (16th century). The death penalty could also be imposed there. It was only carried out once, in 1754, because a peasant deliberately set fire to the farm.

The court in Nova Ponente was initially administered by aristocrats. The most important were the Lords of Niederthor . They also owned Thurn Castle. In 1849 the Deutschnofen court was incorporated into the Bolzano judicial district .

Attractions

economy

70% of the municipality of Nova Ponente consists of forest. In the past, wood abundance was very important economically. Today, however, tourism has become very important, especially in the Obereggen ski area . As a member of the Alpine Pearls cooperation , Deutschnofen relies on gentle tourism .

politics

Municipal Council (2015)
18th
18th 
A total of 18 seats

Mayor since 1952:

  • Franz Thaler: 1952–1956
  • Johann Plank: 1956–1964
  • Josef Hofer: 1964–1985
  • Hans Zelger: 1985-2000
  • Bernhard Daum: 2000–2015
  • Christian Gallmetzer: 2015–2019
  • Bernhard Daum: since 2019

Sons and daughters

  • Walter Pichler (1936–2012), Austrian sculptor, architect, draftsman and object artist

Web links

Commons : Deutschnofen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Otto Stolz : Political-historical description of the region of South Tyrol (Schlern-Schriften 40). Innsbruck: Wagner 1937, pp. 236–240.
  2. ^ Hannes Obermair : Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documentary tradition of the city of Bozen up to 1500. Volume 2. Bozen: Stadtgemeinde Bozen 2008. ISBN 978-88-901870-1-8 . P. 76, No. 989.
  3. ^ Rosa Stocker-Bassi: Deutschnofner Hofegeschichten. 6 booklets. Deutschnofen: Raiffeisenkasse Deutschnofen-Aldein 1992–2000.
  4. ^ Walter Schneider: Wood from Tschufflerbauer on Deutschnofen for the roof structure of the cathedral of Bologna in the year 1614. In: Der Schlern 73, 1999, pp. 298-305.
  5. ↑ The mayors of the South Tyrolean municipalities since 1952. (PDF; 15 MB) In: Festschrift 50 Years of the South Tyrolean Association of Municipalities 1954–2004. Association of South Tyrolean municipalities, pp. 139–159 , accessed on November 16, 2015 .