Branzoll

This article deals with the community of Branzoll in South Tyrol; for the fortification of the same name near Klausen see Branzoll Castle .

Branzoll
(Italian: Bronzolo )
coat of arms	map
State :	Italy
Region :	Trentino-South Tyrol
Province :	Bolzano - South Tyrol
District community :	Überetsch-Unterland
Inhabitants : (VZ 2011 / 31.12.2019)	2,631 / 2,783
Language groups : (according to 2011 census )	37.34% German 62.01% Italian 0.65% Ladin
Coordinates	46 ° 36 '  N , 11 ° 31'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 36 '  N , 11 ° 31'  E
Altitude :	223– 263  m slm (center: 236  m slm )
Surface:	7.45 km²
Permanent settlement area:	4.5 km²
Neighboring municipalities:	Aldein , Leifers , Deutschnofen , Auer , Pfatten
Postal code :	39051
Area code :	0471
ISTAT number:	021012
Tax number:	00562710210
Mayor  (2017):	Giorgia Mongillo

Branzoll ([ branˈtsɔl ]; Italian Bronzolo ) is a municipality with 2783 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the South Tyrolean lowlands in Italy about 13 km south of Bolzano . The majority of the population speaks Italian as their mother tongue.

geography

Branzoll seen from the north-west, behind the valley of the Aldeiner Bach

Branzoll is located in the Unterland , a section of the Adige Valley in southern South Tyrol that extends from Bozen to the Salurner Klause . The 7.45 km² municipal area extends on the orographically left (eastern) side of the Etsch between Laives in the north and Auer in the south. The community center (220- 280  m slm ) is located on a alluvial fan where the Aldeiner and Peter Berger Bach from the east from the Fiemme Mountains Coming reach the Unterlandler bottom. Behind the village, the municipal area rises to the Regglberg flanking the lowlands on the east side , whose peaks towering over the valley floor (from north to south) are called Judenberg , Rosssprung and Göller . In these wooded heights, Branzoll meets the Regglberg neighboring communities Deutschnofen and Aldein . In the west, the course of the Etsch forms the border with the municipality of Pfatten .

history

Branzoll is first mentioned in 1181 as Branzol - at that time owned by the Sonnenburg Monastery in the Puster Valley. The name is probably derived from the Germanic personal name Berinza. Similar to the neighboring towns of Laives and Auer, the village was built on a wide alluvial cone in order to avoid the dangers of the originally very frequent floods of the Adige.

Until the end of the First World War, Branzoll belonged to the County of Tyrol and thus to Austria-Hungary . Within Tyrol, Branzoll was assigned to the Neumarkt judicial district , which in turn was part of the Bozen district . With the Treaty of Saint-Germain , Branzoll came to Italy in 1920, along with most of Tyrol south of the main Alpine ridge . When the two provinces of Bolzano and Trento emerged in these formerly Austrian areas in 1927, Branzoll, like some other surrounding communities, was added to the mostly Italian-speaking province of Trento. It was not until 1948 that Branzoll was incorporated into the province of Bozen or South Tyrol.

Up into the 19th century, cattle breeding and viticulture formed the economic basis of the population. In addition, until around 1880 wood was brought down from the Deutschnofner heights and offered for sale at the exit of the Aldeiner Bach. There, large quantities of timber merchants from northern Italy were acquired, who shipped it from the Branzoller Lende on the Adige towards Verona . Branzoll was the northernmost point that could be reached by shipping from the Italian region. This gave rise to its importance as an important trading center. Porphyry mining was also of great economic importance for a long time, which extends into the present day.

education

In Branzoll there is both a German-speaking and an Italian-speaking primary school . The German-speaking facility belongs to the school district of the neighboring city of Laives, the Italian-speaking one is administered by the Unterland district.

Culture and sights

See also : List of natural monuments in Branzoll

Buildings

See also : List of architectural monuments in Branzoll  and List of protected ensembles in Branzoll

Old parish church of St. Leonhard

In the church, Branzoll belonged to the parish of Bolzano during the Middle Ages and the early modern period and is still referred to in documents in 1341 as " villa Pranzol in plebatu Bozani ", i.e. the village of Branzoll, belonging to the parish of Bolzano. In addition to the historic parish church of St. Leonhard , Branzoll also owns a newer church dedicated to St. Dedicated to the heart of Jesus. It was built in the neo-Romanesque style in 1896 when the old church had become too small. The old, late Gothic St. Leonhard's Church is about 100 meters south of the new church. It was built around 1500, with the Romanesque tower still from the previous building from the 13th century, which has been replaced by the current one. The baptismal font made of white marble is worth seeing inside the church .

Palais Thomsen

Furthermore, the village image is characterized by some residences typical of the lowlands . The Palais Thomsen is noteworthy, in whose inner courtyard there is an octagonal fountain made of Trento marble from 1849, as well as three tall cedars.

Branzoll home theater

The Branzoll home theater plays an important role in the cultural life of the German-speaking group in the village. It was founded in 1954 on the initiative of Rudi Christoforetti with the aim of creating a cultural institution for German-speaking culture. As the first touring stage in South Tyrol, it also toured Germany and played in Munich, Nuremberg and Erlangen, among others. The proceeds from the Germany tours were used to finance the German-speaking kindergarten in Branzoll. In 1960 the first puppet show was staged. After the provisional cessation of theater performances in 1969 and a break of 25 years, the Heimatbühne was re-established in 1994 and since then has been performing popular theater again .

traffic

For motor traffic , Branzoll is primarily opened up by the SS 12 , which crosses the village. The Brennerbahn offers an access point near the center of the village at Branzoll train station .

politics

Mayor since 1952:

• Riccardo Veneri: 1952-1952
• Ferdinando Scrinzi: 1952-1956
• Hartmann Lentsch: 1956–1969
• Renzo Fantini: 1969-1993
• Benedetto Zito: 1993-1995
• Georg Mamming: 1995–1999
• Benedetto Zito: 1999-2005
• Alessandro Bertinazzo: 2005-2007
• Benedetto Zito: 2008-2015
• Alessandro Bertinazzo: 2015–2017
• Giorgia Mongillo: since 2017

Personalities

• Günther Pallaver (* 1955), political scientist at the University of Innsbruck
• Oskar Peterlini (* 1950), former member of the South Tyrolean Parliament and the Senate of the Italian Republic
• Giorgio D'Amico (1961–2010), local historian, bookseller and chronicler of the Branzoll community

literature

• Fausto Turbiano (Red.): Bronzolo ed il suo cammino = Branzoll and his development , Ed. Circolo Culturale Vivaldi, 1994 (online) .

Web links

Commons : Branzoll  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official homepage of the municipality of Branzoll
• Entry in the Tirol Atlas of the Institute for Geography at the University of Innsbruck
• Branzoll in the history of Tyrol

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Vol. 2: 1140-1200 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2012, ISBN 978-3-7030-0485-8 , p. 299-300 .
2. ↑ Bruno Mahlknecht: Laives Branzoll Pfatten. South Tyrolean Area Guide, Volume 14. Athesia, Bozen 1977. p. 19.
3. ↑ Bruno Mahlknecht: Laives Branzoll Pfatten. Südtirolergebietsführer, Volume 14. Athesia, Bozen 1977. pp. 22-26.
4. ^ Branzoll in Geschichte Tirol
5. ↑ Laives school district. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network , accessed on October 26, 2014 . 
6. ↑ Unterland school district. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network, accessed on October 26, 2014 . 
7. ^ Hannes Obermair: Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documentary tradition of the city of Bozen up to 1500. Volume 1. Bozen: Stadtgemeinde Bozen 2005. ISBN 88-901870-0-X . P. 574, No. 572.
8. ↑ Bruno Mahlknecht: Laives Branzoll Pfatten. Südtirolergebietsführer, Volume 14. Athesia, Bozen 1977. pp. 74–75.
9. ↑ Günther Pallaver: Such a theater! Tours, operettas, puppet shows. 50 years of the Branzoll home theater. A chronicle between culture and politics. Edition Raetia, Bozen 2004. p. 20.
10. ↑ Günther Pallaver: Such a theater! Tours, operettas, puppet shows. 50 years of the Branzoll home theater. A chronicle between culture and politics. Edition Raetia, Bozen 2004. pp. 29-42.
11. ↑ Günther Pallaver: Such a theater! Tours, operettas, puppet shows. 50 years of the Branzoll home theater. A chronicle between culture and politics. Edition Raetia, Bozen 2004. p. 69.
12. ↑ Günther Pallaver: Such a theater! Tours, operettas, puppet shows. 50 years of the Branzoll home theater. A chronicle between culture and politics. Edition Raetia, Bozen 2004. pp. 105-113.
13. ↑ The mayors of the South Tyrolean municipalities since 1952. (PDF; 15 MB) In: Festschrift 50 Years of the South Tyrolean Association of Municipalities 1954–2004. Association of South Tyrolean municipalities, pp. 139–159 , accessed on November 16, 2015 .