Laives

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Laives
( Italian Laives )
coat of arms
Coat of arms of Laives
 map
Laives in South Tyrol - Positionskarte.svg
State : Italy
Region : Trentino-South Tyrol
Province : Bolzano - South Tyrol
District community : Überetsch-Unterland
Inhabitants :
(VZ 2011 / 31.12.2019) 		16.933 / 18.029
Language groups :
(according to 2011 census ) 		27.99% German
71.50% Italian
0.51% Ladin
Coordinates 46 ° 26 '  N , 11 ° 20'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 26 '  N , 11 ° 20'  E
Altitude : 227– 1550  m slm (center: 255  m slm )
Surface: 24.25 km²
Permanent settlement area: 11.0 km²
Parliamentary groups : Since , Steinmannwald , St. Jakob
Neighboring municipalities: Bozen , Branzoll , Deutschnofen , Pfatten
Postal code : 39055
Area code : 0471
ISTAT number: 021040
Tax number: 80003880210
Mayor  (2015): Christian Bianchi

Laives ([ laɪ̯fɐs ]; Italian Laives ) is a town with 18,029 inhabitants (December 31, 2019) in the South Tyrolean lowlands in Italy .

Laives is the fourth largest in terms of inhabitants and, since its survey in 1985, the youngest of the eight cities in South Tyrol. In addition, after Bolzano, it is the municipality with the largest proportion of residents with an Italian mother tongue.

geography

View over Laives (in the foreground) to the north towards Bozen; On the far right at the edge of the picture you can see some farms belonging to the mountain faction Seit

The 24.25 km² municipal area of ​​Laives extends in the immediate vicinity of the provincial capital Bozen in the Unterland , a section of the Adige Valley in southern South Tyrol. The one on the alluvial fan of Brant Bach grown city center Laives (230- 290  m slm ) that arose in the 20th century urbanization Steinmannwald (230- 310  m ) and is directly on the outskirts of Bolzano in northern St. Jakob ( 240  m ) form a chain of settlements on the orographic left (eastern) side of the valley. In the west, where the municipality reaches the Etsch and the mouth of the Eisack in places , Laives borders on Pfatten , in the south on Branzoll . In the east, which rises to the Fiemme Mountains counted Regglberger plateau of Laives by the deeply cut Brantental is divided and the municipal border with German oven carries. There, see mittelgebirgigen slopes high above the valley floor, the scattered farms of the historic district Breitenberg (550- 850  m ) and the Group Since (620- 1,090  m ) space.

history

On the hill called “Peterköfele” behind today's city center, Liechtenstein Castle was probably built in the second half of the 12th century. Apart from the St. Peter's Chapel, the complex, which today only survives in sparse remains of the wall, was probably abandoned at the end of the 13th century. The place Leifers was first mentioned in a document in 1237 ( "Leiuers" ). From 1333 the original name “Laives” is also attested in Bozen. According to the Bozen regional court order of 1487, Laives was one of the numerous quarters of the regional court of Gries- Bolzano, which was headed by the two laymen Hans Stadler and Ulrich Lochmann as captains.

Leifers did not become an independent municipality until 1819. Due to its proximity to the city of Bolzano and the cheaper housing offers in Leifers, thousands of residents have moved here in recent decades; the rapid population growth led to the elevation of Laives to the youngest town in South Tyrol in 1985. The rapid development from an agricultural village to a satellite city made considerable investments in infrastructure necessary.

population

The current residents of the city can be divided into five main groups according to language and origin:

  • the traditional German-speaking group
  • the traditional Italian-speaking group (historical Italian-speaking minority in the South Tyrolean Unterland, which immigrated from Welschtirol in the 19th century in particular )
  • the German-speaking group that immigrated in the last decades (especially from the rest of South Tyrol)
  • numerically the most significant group of the Italian-speaking population who have also immigrated in the last few decades (via Bolzano)
  • Migrants or new citizens from European and non-European countries

According to the 2011 census, 71.50% of the population belong to the Italian language group, 27.99% to the German and 0.51% to the Ladin language group.

year population Language groups
German Italian Ladin
1890 01,848 48.23% 51.77% -
1900 02,513 64.69% 35.31% -
1910 03,040 87.74% 12.26% -
1921 03,192 - - -
1931 04,363 - - -
1936 04,865 - - -
1951 06,208 - - -
1961 08,403 - - -
1971 10.154 25.46% 74.42% 0.12%
1981 12,577 31.59% 68.11% 0.30%
1991 13,707 30.16% 69.34% 0.50%
2001 15,095 29.07% 70.42% 0.51%
2011 16,933 27.99% 71.50% 0.51%

education

Laives is the seat of a German-speaking school district . This includes the two primary schools in the main town of Laives and St. Jakob, as well as the middle school in Laives. The two primary schools in the neighboring communities of Branzoll and Pfatten are also connected to the school district.

There are also two Italian-speaking schools in Laives, which manage three primary schools in the main town of Leifers, in Steinmannwald and in St. Jakob, as well as the middle school in the main town.

politics

Mayor since 1952:

  • Alfred Gerber: 1952–1956
  • Ennio Janeselli: 1956-1960
  • Eduard Weis: 1960–1964
  • Armando Polonioli: 1964-1969
  • Orlando Pristerá: 1969-1975
  • Carlo Gioia: 1975-1981
  • Ruggero Galler: 1981-1993
  • Claudio Pasetto: 1993-1998
  • Ruggero Galler: 1999-2005
  • Giovanni Polonioli: 2005-2010
  • Liliana Di Fede: 2010–2015
  • Christian Bianchi: since 2015

traffic

For motor traffic , Leifers is primarily opened up by the SS 12 , which crosses the municipality. The areas on the Adige river belonging to the municipality sometimes reach the A22 , the closest entry and exit of which is in Bolzano. The Brennerbahn runs right through the valley floor near Laives and offers an access point at Leifers train station . The Bolzano airport located partially on Leifers municipality.

Until 1948, Laives was connected to the provincial capital by the Bozen tram .

Attractions

  • St. Jakob in der Au , late Romanesque-Gothic church building and old parish church of St. Jakob
  • New Parish Church of Leifers: A special landmark of the town of Laives is the extension to the old church built in 2004 according to a design by the Merano architects Höller & Klotzner. The old church was not torn down, but opened in three places on the north wall (where there used to be two confessionals and the side entrance). The new nave was added at a 90-degree angle. The church tower dates from 1250, the church is first mentioned in writing in a document in 1386. The Weißensteiner miraculous image, a 16 cm high Pietà made of alabaster, has stood in the parish church of Leifer since 1787 .
  • Chapel of St. Peter am Köfele : The high mediaeval chapel on the "Peterköfele" high above Laives was once part of the largely abandoned Liechtenstein Castle. The castle and chapel were located on the old road connection on the ridge of the Regglberg to the east (former court of Deutschnofen ). The historical church accounts of St. Peter from the years 1542–1818 are kept by the Bolzano City Archives under the signature Hss. 940–1002.

  • View of Laives and Steinmannwald

  • The Brantenbach

  • The landmark of Laives, the chapel of St. Peter am Köfele

  • The Untersteiner-Hof on the Breitenberg

literature

  • Richard Staffler: The court names of Twelve Males and Leifers. Bozen Yearbook for History, Culture and Art 1952, Innsbruck, Wagner 1952. (online)
  • Georg Tengler (Red.): From the village to the city of Laives: Beginnings - Development - Opportunities. Laives 1998 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Leifers  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ IPA : / 'lajves /
  2. ^ Stefan Demetz: Liechtenstein . In: Magdalena Hörmann-Weingartner (Ed.): Tiroler Burgenbuch. Volume X: Überetsch and South Tyrolean Unterland . Athesia publishing house, Bozen 2011. ISBN 978-88-8266-780-1 , pp. 317–321.
  3. ^ Egon Kühebacher : The place names of South Tyrol and their history . Volume 1. Athesia, Bozen 1995. ISBN 88-7014-634-0 , p. 219.
  4. ^ Hannes Obermair : Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documentary tradition of the city of Bozen up to 1500 . tape 1 . City of Bozen, Bozen 2005, ISBN 88-901870-0-X , p. 261, No. 487 .
  5. ^ Hannes Obermair: Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documentary tradition of the city of Bozen up to 1500 . tape 2 . City of Bozen, Bozen 2008, ISBN 978-88-901870-1-8 , p. 191-192, no. 1230 .
  6. ^ Laives in the Tyrol Atlas of the Institute for Geography at the University of Innsbruck , accessed on February 2, 2014
  7. ↑ 2011 census , astatinfo No. 38 from June 2012, accessed on January 28, 2013.
  8. ^ Oskar Peterlini, Autonomy and the protection of minorities in Trentino-South Tyrol (Vienna 1997), p. 66
  9. ↑ still as community Mittewald - community encyclopedia VIII, Tyrol and Vorarlberg 1900, p. 16
  10. ↑ The official number of citizens and the language groups in South Tyrol by municipality and district - 1981 census, p. 21
  11. ↑ South Tyrol in Numbers (Bozen 1994), p. 15
  12. ↑ 2001 census. Calculation of the population of the three language groups in the province of Bolzano-South Tyrol, p. 6
  13. ↑ Laives school district. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network , accessed on October 26, 2014 .
  14. ↑ School district of Laives 1st South Tyrolean Citizens' Network, accessed on October 26, 2014 .
  15. ↑ Laives school district. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network, accessed on October 26, 2014 .
  16. ↑ The mayors of the South Tyrolean municipalities since 1952. (PDF; 15 MB) In: Festschrift 50 Years of the South Tyrolean Association of Municipalities 1954–2004. Association of South Tyrolean municipalities, pp. 139–159 , accessed on November 16, 2015 .
  17. ^ Andreas Hempel: Architecture in South Tyrol. Munich: Callwey Verlag 2008.
  18. ^ Hannes Obermair: Multiple Pasts - Collecting for the City? The Bolzano City Archives 3.0 . In: Philipp Tolloi (Ed.): Archives in South Tyrol: History and Perspectives / Archivi in ​​Provincia di Bolzano: storia e prospettive (=  publications of the South Tyrolean Provincial Archives 45 ). Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2018, ISBN 978-3-7030-0992-1 , p. 211–224, reference p. 214 .